International Student Organization

International student organization. East Carolina University is a university with enrollment around 30,000 students; 299 of them is international students from 67 countries. When students choose to attend the university; they begin a new part of life. Many students go to study in other cities, and some students go to other countries. America is a very popular and high-class education that is valued all over the world, and of course a lot of students from other countries want to get a degree here.People in different countries behave differently: religion, ethnicity, geographic location and quality of life plays an important role in the behavior of people. Therefore, students that come to America from other countries have more difficulty than those who were born and raced here. Foreign students need time to adjust to a different culture, a different language, and many other things.A possible way for international student to deal with the complexities of ECU joins the International Stud ent Organization (ISA). The ISA help international students understand American culture and feel more like at home by having festivals, shopping and field trips and a lot of different events. The ISA , one of over 200 student organizations at ECU, is mostly composed of foreign exchange students, or students who were not born in America although. The meetings and club are open to anyone who wants to join.The main reason it was setup was to give international students an opportunity to gain a greater understanding of the American culture in part through a campus experience, and also to offer non-international ECU students, with an interest in one cultures, knowledge and experience in working with individuals from other backgrounds. It also allows international and American students to share experience and learn about other cultures at personal point of view.The ISA cooperating with International House provides a special orientation for international students through the â€Å"First f riend program† (FFP) so that new students do not feel lonely. International Ports O’Call stage of PirateFest The International student organization was involved in many activities and events. One of the biggest events in which ISA was involved in was the Pirate festival. PirateFest gives international students a chance to share their culture to help others understand them etter. This â€Å"annual event celebrates eastern North Carolina's rich history steeped with famous pirates, including the infamous Blackbeard and Greenville's own Pirates of ECU† (Mike Davis), and encourages people to wear pirate regalia-hats, swords, and eye patches. The festival is held over two days and is composed of different stages, each of which represents a different event. The event feature food, art and crafts vendors and also musical and stage performers.Historical trolley tours stage is a very useful and interesting part of the festival because it's a great way to move around the fe stival especially for international students who do not know the location of streets in the city. One of the most interesting stages for international students was the â€Å"International Ports O'Call† because includes music, food, and attractions from nations around the world, and it will definitely help international students to feel more like at home and make it hard to forget about their culture.For international students who are coming to study in another country it is hard to find friends. It is not easy to get used to the different behavior of people and be open to new acquaintances. Therefore, and in cooperation with ISA the international house created the program called â€Å"First friend program†(FFP). To be involved in FFP both mentor and mentee must fill out an application, which has questions that help determine the background, interests, preferences and other information needed to help decide the best mentee-mentee match.The FFP is really easy because by filling out an application you know that you'll meet someone who has same interests as you. The FFP helps international students to adjust to life at ECU as quickly and smoothly as possible, and also enhance satisfaction with their academic and social experience. This program is very useful for students because they will not feel lonely and homesick, they are able to meet new friends and also international students can learn the nuances of culture from the inside, as well as be more successful in learning.Besides homework, tests and grades, a student social life is fun, but it is not always easy to find entertainment that are always enjoy. Many international students don't have a car and therefore their possibilities are limited, but the international house â€Å"every Friday makes shopping trips†(William Mallett). Drivers take students where they want to go and take them back to residence after shopping. Also every Thursday students can go to greenway excursions. Playing sp orts and socializing in the fresh air, very useful and at the same time you can see new parts of the city as well as make new friends.Most people believe that studying in a different country is a privilege because they are able to experience other cultures, and learn from them. However, in the United States it is not as good as they thought because International students have much more pressure being in this country, and sometimes they cannot handle it very well. Therefore, in the United States the life of an international student is very unfavorable if people compare it to the life of an American student.International students have to learn a new language to study, they cannot work while studying, and their tuition is much more expensive. When people moves to the United Stated to study they imagine that it will be very helpful, and they believe that learning a new language will not be a problem. However, when they really start studying their major, they find out that it is not easy since people have to really understand and appreciate the language. International students have to really learn English, and they have to know how to write it in order to have success.Also, for them to have success in university they have to participate in class, and analyze an amount of readings, and because they are international students, it is very difficult to achieve since they believe that Americans are going to laugh at them or make jokes of them if they say something incorrectly. For example, some Americans do not realize sometimes how hard is for international students being in a different country, with different people, learning a new language, and experiencing different cultures, so some of them do not really appreciate the effort that international students put on being in the United States.It’s way more pressure for international students. They have to have good grades and work as hard as possible, because if not people back home going to put a lot of shame on them and their parents. Studying in different country it is always competition for international students, but if students choose right University where people care about international students and trying to help it shouldn’t be that hard.International student organization definitely helps students from other countries feel more comfortable and less homesick, so they can you do best in classes to compete with other student on the same level. Work cited. Mike,Davis. â€Å"Arrrgh you ready for Pirate Fest? † East Carolinian, 12 April 2012 . Web. 1 November. Mallet,William â€Å"International Student Organization. † 30 october. 2012 [email  protected] edu Personal page Office of International Affairs www. ecu. edu/intlaffairs/

History of the game Essay

As the rackets of the game have changed, the style of play has changed accordingly. During the wooden racket era, before the flood of the metal and metal composite rackets, players hit groundstrokes with slight topspin but mostly flat or with underspin, particularly on the backhand side. To provide the players with the underspin or flat shots, players hit with an eastern grip (slightly east of the continental style grip achieved by sliding the â€Å"V† area between the thumb and index finger down the side of the frame to the grip) to help generate slice and handle low balls better. Players used this style of play to compensate for the lower bounce produced on grass courts compared to the bounce of hard and clay courts today. In effect, groundstrokes had to be long and fluid with early preparation and a long follow through to get the necessary power and control by swinging the heavier wooden rackets.  Players with wooden rackets also stood sideways to the ball and stepped into the swing to generate more power. Furthermore, the small sweetspot of the wooden racket required players to have more exact, controlled swings instead of the quick, powerful, whip-like swings of today’s players. As an example, John McEnroe, a former tennis professional and Grand Slam winner, supports wooden rackets saying: I have been a proponent of the wood racket†¦wood rackets would bring back skill and finesse to the game and would make the points longer and more fun to watch. And I could watch all those young guys cry like that little baby doll that wets herself as they try to return a serve with a 15-ounce piece of lumber. (McEnroe 1).  As a result, players could not end the point with a single shot like today and therefore games consisted of more rallies. The rackets and styles of play have evolved to the 21st Century and have dramatically changed the way tennis is played. Instead of the long and fluid groundstrokes used with wooden rackets, lighter more powerful rackets have developed quick, short but powerful swings by tennis players today. The players also use a more western or semi-western grip (achieved by placing the racket on the ground and coming from straight above, picking the racket up with one hand). These grips tend to generate more power and topspin as well make it easier to hit high bouncing balls. This heavy topspin usually causes points to end more quickly with more winners and harder shots. These changes in the game are all in relation to the development of higher bouncing courts, hard courts and clay courts, and the shorter grass court tournament season. Also, as a result to the more powerful modern rackets, serves were consistently hit over 100 mph and many clocked at more than 120 mph contributing to the quicker points. Furthermore, many serves were unreturnable meaning that it would be almost impossible for players to return or even more to hit the ball with the racket. The change in rackets in the 20th Century was not only limited to a change in the game but the tennis market was affected as well. According to Edward Tenner, the new rackets were not as profitable for racket manufacturers as the wooden rackets were during the peak in tennis popularity in the early 1970’s (Tenner 3). However, shortly following this rapid growth in tennis popularity, tennis’s popularity among the common people started to decline. According to the records of the Tennis Industry Association, two years before the introduction of the Prince racket in 1974, the number of tennis players reached its peak and then started a decline (Tenner 1). Later, the sale of tennis balls was evaluated and showed a drop in tennis ball usage between 1990 and 1993 (Tenner 3). A short explanation of this event could be that players were not ready to pay the higher price for newer metal rackets. The modern rackets, costing about $150, were much more expensive compared to the lower price of wooden rackets in the early 1970s. However, the introduction of the modern rackets produced a larger selection of varying rackets for tennis consumers shown in the following excerpt from Tennis Magazine, â€Å"To play your best tennis, your racket has to complement your game. And with more frames than ever being designed for specific types of players, finding that magic wand has never been easier.† (2001 Racket Guide 1) In addition, modern rackets are designed for all different types of players including strictly baseliners to serve and volleyers. Mark Macky, Dunlop’s director of racket sports, shows this in the following statement, â€Å"It’s no longer enough to make a racket for one ability level – beginner, intermediate, advanced. Today, companies make rackets that are targeted to specific styles of play. A serve and volleyer, for example, will want a different type of racket than a baseliner.† (2001 Racket Guide 1) Although while racket manufacturers may have suffered from the introduction of modern rackets, consumers seem to benefit. According to â€Å"New York Times† newspaper, the new metal rackets prove to last longer and need restringing less often saving consumers money (Tenner 3). Furthermore, metal rackets can last up to ten years or more contrary to the wooden rackets that were damaged by age, warping, and cracking.  In conclusion, although many tennis professionals believe that wooden rackets would increase the charisma of tennis, there is undeniable evidence that proves modern rackets to be better for the game and all levels of players. Newer rackets provide more options for tennis players, giving them more power and control than ever before therefore elevating the level of play in the game of tennis. They also appeal to lower levels of players making the game easier to learn and in effect, better for everyone. In addition, although the market seemed to be falling, it is currently rising for the game of tennis and showing this, the U.S. Open has had more viewers in the year of 2001 than ever before in the history of the game.

Capital Structures of the Indian Industrial Sector

Capital Structures of the Indian Industrial Sector Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Introduction Capital is the main factor of every industry, a company start with capital and end with demolition of that capital. So the capital and capital structure are one of the most important terms in every business, Companies have been struggling with capital structures for more than four decades. During credit expansions, companies have been unable to build enough liquidity to survive the contractions, especially those enterprises with unpredictable cash flow streams which end up with excess debt during business slowdowns In this research I am going to Exam the changes in the capital structure of Indian industrial sector, with a special reference to Indian textiles industry .The purpose of this paper is to determine whether firm-specific capital structure determinants in the emerging market of India. support the capital structure theories which were developed to explain the company structures in developed economies. In other words, the main motivatio n for this study is to highlight the role of firm characteristics and industrial sector-specific variables in determining capital structure. This is an attempt to a panel data study of capital structure determinants. Statement of the Problem There is lot of study conducted in the field of capital structure theory but no systematic study with applying econometric model and tools used like panel data are not conducted in India yet. It consist analyzing both time and cross sectional variables. There is No studies are conducted on specified sector. The study by sector wise is more effective than in macro level research which is avoid sector variable. Each industry has its own uniqueness and situations. When taking macro level data set will miss its sector uniqueness. This research is an enquiry through panel data analysis with considering sector as important factors. Specifically researcher tries to answer some questions, firstly which selected factors are more influence in short te rm leverage of a firm, and which is not influence on it . Secondly long term leverage has any determinate in Indian industry and which factors is more influenced in total debt decision. Also questioned extraneous variable like bank rate, inflation rate can make any impact on capital structure. The researcher conduct a pre study for specifying research problem. Pre study The pre study was conducted by analyzing all companies in india by classify these companies in sector wise. Assigning debt equity ratio as variable for prestudy, by Using cmie and Bloomberg database, researcher collect all companies 5year debt equity ratio and classified them in sector wise. Companies arranged under in a Automobiles & ancillaries, Banking, chemical , communication, construction & real estate, construction material, consumer goods sector, energy, food & Agro, hotel & tourism, IT, investment & finance, Machinery, metal, mining ,textiles, transport and wholesale & re tale sectors. Take 5 year averag e of all company and find out standard deviation of each sector. The value arranged below table. Table 1.1 .Result of Pre study Sectors Average Debt on equity Standard deviation Automobiles & ancillaries index 1.06 3.561244 Banking services index 1.53 0.695391 Chemicals & chemical products index 1.53 3.562817 Communication services index 1.54 21.75133 Construction & real estate index 1.92 26.57946 Construction materials index 0.77 23.65846 Consumer goods index 1.72 8.326452 Energy index 1.36 2.520609 Food & agro-based products index 1.45 7.826624 Hotels & tourism index 1.33 18.53691 Information technology index 0.35 1.677905 Investment services index 0.24 1.035782 Machinery index 1.26 7.248118 Metals & metal products index 1.3 16.62944 Pharma 1.63 86.75429 Mining index 0.34 6.509317 Textiles index 2.05 167.5378 Transport services index 1.68 2.88037 Wholesale & retail trading index 1.68 34.62297 In this table textiles sector have very high debt equity and not ordinary deviation between companies. High standard deviation mean that in textile sector, some companies has very low debt and some has very high. It is india’s one of the oldest and major export sector too. Highest deviation and irregularity in debt is not a better sign. So need an attention on capital strucre determinant of Indian textile sector.

Johnnie walker Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Johnnie walker - Essay Example It can be firmly admitted that the brand has been serving not only as the symbol of progress but its logo â€Å"Striding?Man† and its slogan â€Å"Keep?Walking†?has also been viewed to be a supporter of progress as well as analogous to great achievement. The creation of brand actually was the idea of John Walker who was born in Scotland at Todriggs Farm in Ayrshire in the year 1805. Since its incorporation, Johnnie Walker has been able to establish itself as the world’s most prominent Scotch whisky brand (Association of Canadian Advertisers, 2011). Correspondingly, this paper intends to conduct the SWOT analysis of Johnnie Walker and further attempts to identify the inherent problems to its strategic behaviour in order to draw derive rational solutions for the identified issues. SWOT (Acronym: Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, and Threat) Analysis Strengths According to Corporate Watch UK (2005), Johnnie Walker is the world’s leading spirit brand. Reportedl y, Johnnie Walker is considered as the most valuable and respected global brand. The legacy and heritage connected with the brand can be reflected as one of its major strengths. Taking virtues of its legacy and strong brand promotion, the brand has been able to continuously build is brand equity globally. At the same time, it has been able to generate substantial revenue across the global market. One of the potential strengths of the brand can thus be attributed to increasing demand for its products such as The Gold Reserve and Blue Label, which are perceived to be the most popular in all its market of operation. Another major strength is accredited to its attention given to all the class of the people. The brand offers products to not only premium customers, but it also focuses on middle-income customers who have the increasing desire for premium spirit. Notably, not only the men but women in the Asian country are also attracted towards experiencing the value offered by Johnnie Wal ker to its discriminating consumers. Furthermore, its revolutionary advertising strategies have proven to be much effective and unique from competitors existing in the same market of its operations adding to its brand differentiation strategies. Evidently, by offering wide range of product categories at various price points along with high product quality, it has been able to attract both younger and older consumers. Nonetheless, its innovative advertising campaign has proven to be milestone for the brand to retain its customers and simultaneously, attain tremendous growth in all the markets of its operations (Mongay & et. al., 2012). Weaknesses One of the potential weaknesses associated with the brand can be attributed with its nature of business. Correspondingly, the brand primarily deals with alcoholic products, which is considered to have serious impacts on the health of its consumers and therefore raises a certain degree of moral weakness for the company. Although, it claims to produce Scotch whisky at reasonable price that can be consumed by middle-income consumers, but it is generally involved in manufacturing premium products that may adversely influence the purchasing decision of the middle-income people also causing sustainability issues for the company. At the same time, increasing cost of production can also be viewed as the potential wea

Changing Gender roles,expectations, attitudes Essay

Changing Gender roles,expectations, attitudes - Essay Example And this choice is what marks itself as progressive in how gender roles are looked upon in modern times. A friend who was a recent divorcee prompted Judy Brady to attempt to answer the question why would anyone want a wife. â€Å"I want a wife who will work and send me to school. And while I am going to school, I want a wife to take care of my children,† (Brady, p.380). The wife is necessary for the man to ensure that harmony in accordance to how he perceives it is attained as he returns to the normal routine he is accustomed to. This accounts for the necessity and the convenience of having a wife in the pursuit of consensus within a traditional household before. Brady’s characterization of the wife as exemplified in her essay â€Å"Why I want a Wife† is quite point blank and resounding of the reality of the role of women in the family as the one who nurtures and oversees the overall welfare of the family. It is still widely read today, decades after its publication because it still contains a vast degree of reality even in today’s evolved modern life. There is the paradox of the woman who becomes a wife and evidently becomes a mother, who in the process loses her independence and consequent financial stability. The career of the woman is then compromised as she is delineated to the caring of the home and in ensuring the satisfaction of her husband. That a majority of women are classified as wives and as mothers (Brady, p.380). But years after this, as showcased in Glenn Sacks article, there is now a new category wherein the fathers take over what is usually a relative female role in the home. From the commonly accepted ‘setup’ where the wife cooks as the husband goes to work, the old definition of gender roles has now become loose. More and more women are now opting to have a career simultaneous with raising a family. There is though truth to what Sacks is saying regarding the real status of

IP 5 - Accounting Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

IP 5 - Accounting - Term Paper Example Accounts Receivable: They are recorded at their book value less reserve for doubtful receivables. They consist mainly of real estate, marketing suppliers, customer debit and credit cards that take more than seven days to be processed. Cash and Cash Equivalent: reports investments that mature in less than three months to be cash equivalent. Also, debit and credit cards and electronic transfer transactions that take less than a week to be processed and cash from banks are included. Inventories are valued at the lower of cost since the permanent markdowns are offset from the retail value of the inventory. They use LIFO method to manage inventory in Wal-Mart USA, and FIFO method in Wal-Mart international. Valuing inventory at lower of cost leads to sometimes undervaluing of some inventory(n.a, 2015). Property, Plant and Equipment are recorded at bookvalue. The costs incurred in major improvements are recorded as capital and costs incurred from normal maintenance and repairs are charged as expenses in the income statement. Depreciation of assets is on a straight line basis. Goodwill and intangible assets are valued at fair price through valuation methods. Indefinite life assets and goodwill are not amortized but are annually evaluated for any impairments and during events that might affect the value of the assets Income tax- Deferred tax liabilities and assets are measured using tax rates applicable in the year the temporary differences are to be settled or recovered. Provision for income tax is calculated by using an annual tax rate based on income, the statutory income tax rates and the permanent differences between the tax and book income (n.a,2014). Wal-Mart Company is infamous for the 24 million dollar cover up in Mexican Bribery that occurred in 2012 (Frankel, 2012). This scandal raised questions on the integrity of Wal-Mart’s internal

Human Resource Management - Learning Assignment

Human Resource Management - Learning - Assignment Example In order to understand these new needs, and fit the support systems to the business context, HR professionals need to be part of the planning process right from the start. The strategy that a company adopts has to be deliverable, and the contribution of HR can make sure that the whole organization is geared up to match strategic objectives, using tools like rewards systems, orientation programs, working time arrangements and many others. If strategic planning and HR are separate, then a gap can develop which hampers progress towards corporate objectives. If HR is involved in strategic planning then employees can be sure that details such as the terms of their contracts and the working arrangements in their teams have been put together in alignment with company objectives. There is consistency across the board when points of debate or contention arise, and employees are less likely to be caught between conflicting messages. HR can serve as a useful channel for information to flow from the very top of the organization to the very bottom, and across the whole width of different departments or sections. The organization is therefore bonded together more fully. This means employee views are heard and their concerns can be fed into all processes at all stages. Sensitive processes like down-sizing are likely to run much more smoothly and fairly when HR considerations have been included in the planning stage. Management directives and core corporate values are much more likely to be adopted if HR has influenced their formation and implement ation (Williams, 2010). 3 What do you think are the risks involved (to HR and the organization as a whole) if HR does not make this a priority and instead remains a purely task-oriented department mostly administrative in nature? If HR remains a task-oriented department it will more than likely find itself in

Discuss artistic production during the Byzantine period Essay

Discuss artistic production during the Byzantine period - Essay Example The history of artistic production in the Byzantine period Arguably, artistic production denotes the creation of objects that viewers would perceive as significant or rather beautiful. Further, art highlights on the important factors prevailing in a certain community over a given period. During the Byzantine period, Emperor Constantine ruled the territory and enforced construction of Aelia Capitolina, which served as the main city after replacing the ruins of Jerusalem city (Nici 261). He emphasized that the whole empire needed to profess the Christian faith thus inhibiting the inhabitants from adapting or embracing any other religions presented in the kingdom. Fig. 1 Constantine Sculpture Therefore, Constantine served as a major stimulating factor towards the renowned artistic production in the empire as he ordered the building of some of the historically renowned churches in the Middle East (Richardson, Angeliki, and Kim 82). For instance, Constantine ordered for the building of th e Basilica church and other monuments around the city. Chronological accounts further present that the Byzantine society built the Rotunda during the reign of Emperor Constantine as an owner to his mother’s dreams about the tomb of Jesus Christ (Jeffreys 132). Further, the society had other numerous distinctive cultures that prevailed over several dynasties. Mainly, the building of streets marked the second largest and globally recognized cultural activity of the Byzantium dynasty. For instance, the building of the Cardo street and narrowing of the Roman-built streets such that the Byzantine streets intersected at the empires city square and extended perpendicularly to other worshipping sites in the North and South regions, and the East and West regions of the empire. Further, Constantine elevated numerous monuments along the streets that led to the worshipping centers to honor numerous biblical teachings (Onians 164). Therefore, it is sound to argue out that Byzantine art wa s a form of denoting Christian teachings and promoting the religion during the barbaric period. Further, the empire’s culture contributed to the recognition of the Renaissance period after the evasion of obstacles that focused on savoring the empire into rubbles. Some of the period’s most renowned artistic productions The empire’s artists were well known for their passion in the creation of monuments and mosaics for example, creation of â€Å"The Image of Christ of Pantocrator.† The artistic production is one of the most infamous mosaics of the Byzantine period, from the Hagia and Sophia in Constantinople period. Mainly, history assumes that most of the Christian paintings targeted to draw the involvement of Christianity in the region despite the threat of Muslim invaders who were apparently seeking to spread their religion across the Asian and European regions (Richardson, Angeliki, and Kim 85). Fig.2 the mosaic of Christ of Pantocrator Since the Constan tinople Empire toppled the Roman Empire, it did not readily produce its own art but continued to develop the Roman Empire’s arts. Mainly, the Byzantine art coincided with the Greek artwork since the predecessors had borrowed their artistic designs,

Ethical Judgments Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ethical Judgments - Assignment Example 42). A well-trained conscience stands a better chance in making upright decisions than one inadequately trained. Looking at the natural and social factors determining the shaping of an individuals conscience, one brought up in an apathetic society and under an environment perverted of what is right is most likely to participate in unethical actions. There also are extremists who look for the slightest loop in any decision made, these are likely to see wrong in any actions taken (Ruggerio, 2008). The conscience stands as the best guide an individual has to distinguish between right and wrong (Ruggerio, 2008, pg. 39). Not to be forgotten is importance on the need of time and intelligence is needed when making a decision. Shifting attention to the inquiries and viewing them from the ethical standpoint of the actions is vital in showing ethical and unethical decisions. Looking at the scene of the cosmetologist in a local beauty salon is exceptional in determining right and wrong. 1) A cosmetologist takes pride in his love of making his clients feel great about themselves in their features and looks. He does this while recommending the use of the products he has in store despite the fact that they are not as effective as publicized to be. His emphasize is on clients attractiveness as what all his clients should have. 5) The cosmetologists makes the clients build confidence in the products he has for sale in order to receive high sales and thus high returns despite the fact that the products are not as effective as they are claimed to be. This is treacherous 7) Thus, it is unethical for a cosmetologist to use the clients in order to make high sales while selling them nonperforming products. Retaining a high reputation out of giving false complements to clients is unethical as it denies the clients a chance to seek what is

Investigating the Environmental Disaster in the Gulf of Mexico Essay

Investigating the Environmental Disaster in the Gulf of Mexico - Essay Example This has seriously impacted the human values of not causing harm to others. Thesis Statement: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the complexity and link between sustainability issues including natural laws and human values; and determine the ways in which human systems and ecosystems are linked. and the ethics of not causing harm (George 242). Moral law is a free will approach which gives people the freedom to decide the way in which they should act. â€Å"Moral law theory is morally absolute, not relativistic, connecting human nature and ethical life† (Houser et al 22). Ethical laws are natural, that is they apply to all human beings, irrespective of individual customs and beliefs. Significantly, natural laws are non-consequential, and the consequences of an act are not brought into the ethical analysis. In this respect, it is evident that the oil spill causing extensive destruction is the consequence of installing the particular oil rig, and this outcome is not included in the ethical analysis of the situation. According to natural law, human life has absolute value, hence a single life cannot be sacrificed to save several lives. Thus, it is in contrast with the utilitarian view of cost and benefit, and of achieving the greatest good for the greatest number of people (Houser et al 22). Additionally, natural law requires that moral judgments should take into account the intentions of the persons performing the act. In the oil rig disaster, it is not possible to make any moral judgment of right or wrong based on the intentions of the British Petroleum Company, since the occurrence of such a magnitude, which has caused extensive financial losses for the company was not deliberately intended to happen by them. However, the element of carelessness towards ensuring thorough safety in all aspects appears to have played a part in the catastrophe. The ongoing leakage from the oil well in the Gulf of Mexico, 48 miles

What Turned My life Around Essay Example for Free

What Turned My life Around Essay MY WATERSHED MOMENT 2 My Watershed Moment There are many memories that have happened in my life that are important to me. It is very hard to select one that has really changed or impacted my life as an individual. Considering I am just about half way through my illustrious life building a bank of historical memories that I would like to recall and some that I would like to erase for good. As I look back, I think the one event that really turned my life around was joining the Navy, 20 years later and I must say it was a decision well made. As I graduated high school my thought process was to be the first person in my family to go to college. Here I am an 18 year old boy from Queens, New York having to travel more than an hour to college, taking two buses and a train. Now this does not sit well with someone when it is in the middle of winter and you feel like the city is just eating you up. It was at that point where I figured college life was not for me. Transitioning from a place where I knew plenty of people to an environment that was completely made of strangers also contributed to my decision on leaving college. Now here I am attending college, it feels like things have come full circle; I am now laying the foundation for my children setting the example that I did not have while I was growing up. As for my future, I am looking forward to gaining more experience through more watershed moments and hopefully I have the awareness to enjoy the transition from the ending to the new beginnings. Situation Analysis When I was 18 years old going to college living with my parents, I have made  up my mind to drop out of college and join the military. I did not know which service I was going to join but I know college was not for me. The one thing that surprised me was the reaction of my MY WATERSHED MOMENT 3 parents; it was a reaction of being more supportive than disappointed considering I was going to be the first in the family to go to college. As I went to each recruiting stations, I could feel nothing but anxious, scared, and sadness. The next step was to explain my decision to the rest of my family and friends. No matter how they took the news, all I knew was things were not going to be the same. After all I was going to start a whole new lifestyle and end connections with friends that I have had for the past 10 years. This was the first step to a new beginning and I knew it was going to affect many people especially myself. The Five Stages of Endings In William Bridges’ book Transitions: Making Sense of Life’s Changes (2004), he states that a life transition is the psychological process where we slowly recognize the details that are within situations we are faced with. According to Bridges (2004), when faced with life transitions we go through three distinct processes: Endings, The Neutral Zone, and New Beginnings. Endings being the first stage which is broken down into five stages: disengagement, dismantling, disidentification, disenchantment, and disorientation. I will try to explain how I went through each of the stages of endings. 1. Disengagement: When I first thought about the meaning of disengagement I truly did not understand it. As I thought of the moment of disengagement, it would have to be when I stepped onto the bus for boot camp. As soon as stepped through the bus doors and hearing the doors close behind me, it felt as though I stepped into a whole new world, I was in a place where I knew no one. It was more apparent when we arrived at boot camp. When we stopped in front of the processing center I can already hear the company commanders yelling, something I was MY WATERSHED MOMENT 4 not use to. This was definitely a culture shock for me, one that I was not use to and comfortable with. I thought this would be an easy transition  because my cousin had entered the Army just months before I joined the Navy. So I figured if he can do it, than I can do it. 2. Dismantling: Even though heading to boot camp was a shocking experience, I was in for a rude awakening. My dismantling started to take place when the recruiter took me to hotel where all the new recruits were staying for the night so we can all go to the airport together. This took me away from what was the normal routine of going home and sleeping in my bed. My dismantling continued when they sat me in the barber’s chair. I was known amongst my friends as the guy with the â€Å"good hair†, not any more. When the barber picked up those clippers I knew it was not going to be good. As the clippers buzzed through my hair, I felt like a new person. Than the next step was to take off all our civilian clothes, put them in a bag and label it with our last name. It felt as though they were stripping me down of my identity in order to mold a new person or sailor. 3. Disidentification: I believe my disidentification began within the dismantling stage. Once my personal possessions were taken away from me and my hair cut I knew I had to start and find my new self. I remember trying to hang onto who I was throughout boot camp but slowly realized that was not going to happen. I quickly came to my senses seeing that this was the company commanders’ world and they were there to make you that new person. Once I have come to my senses I was willing to let go of my identity that I used to have and started to become the new me. â€Å"That is when it is important to remember the significance of disidentification and the need to loosen the bonds of the person we think we are so that we can MY WATERSHED MOMENT 5 go through a transition toward a new identity† (Bridges, 2004, p.117). As boot camp went on I found myself becoming more mature and dependable within my unit. I was designated master at arms by the company commanders, this was the first time I have ever been in charge of anything and I was proud of myself the accomplishments that I have achieved so far. 4. Disenchantment: Starting with the first day of boot camp is when I believe I encountered disenchantment. â€Å"The disenchantment experience is the signal that the time has come to look below the surface of what has been thought to  be so† (Bridges, 2004, p. 121). As I lay in my bunk, my mind would race about my family, friends, and significant others. I knew my family would want what was best for me but I did not know if that was the case for my friends. I would always wonder if my friends would be there for me if I ever needed them in time of need. As for my significant other, was she truly going to wait for me whi le I was trying to make my life better? At that point I had to get them out of my mind in order to make my experience in boot camp the best it can be. I knew if I was preoccupied by the thoughts of untrustworthy friends back home my training and experience in boot camp would be a wasteful 8 weeks of training. 5. Disorientation: My disorientation goes back to the first day I stepped off the bus at boot camp. It was cold, the snow was up to my shins, and I had three to four company commanders yelling at me for no apparent reason. It was a whole new world for me. I kept on repeating in my head, â€Å"What did I do?† I did not have my family and friends to turn to for encouragement, I really felt as though I was in another world. When it would be time for lights out that is when it occurred to me that I was all alone. The next two months in boot camp were MY WATERSHED MOMENT 6 very difficult, especially at night when I had time to reminisce about the great times I spent with family and friends. Even though the toughest part of the military was boot camp, it was the beginning of my new life. The constant comparison of what my life used to be and what my life was going to be like made for a very difficult transition. When I reported to my first submarine is when things started to get better. I started to open up to crew members; they essentially became my second family and new friends. I was in an environment that allowed me to express myself and it made me feel like accomplished something when my ideas were utilized to make things better within my division. My Neutral Zone I believe I reached my neutral zone when I decided to join the Navy. When I arrived at boot camp, I automatically noticed the way people acted and the surrounding area was different from what I was used to. While boot camp always had the hustle and bustle of activity I found myself in the neutral zone while in my bunk. Every time they would say lights out, I would think  about my future plans and how am I going to make the best of my time in the military. Another aspect I thought about is the new friendships I will be developing and old ones that will become a memory. As I returned home from boot camp, I visited some old friends and it seemed as though they were all strangers to me. They all were doing things that were not familiar to me and were recalling things that happened while I was away. It made me feel secluded from what was going on in the old neighborhood. At that moment I started to realize the experiences of boot camp, reporting to my first submarine, and the people I h ave met throughout the process, I MY WATERSHED MOMENT 7 have come to appreciate the structure and the way the everyday life of the military is conducted. I realized that my old self had to come to a close and a new chapter in my life needed to begin. I knew a better lifestyle was waiting for me in the future which included independence, opportunity, and freedom in making the decisions based on my own thought process without interference from friends and family. New Beginning I knew a new beginning has occurred for me when I woke for the first time on a submarine while underway. For the first time in 19 years I was not able to say good morning to my parents, sleep in my own bed, and say hello to my friends on the phone. I was anxious to learn new things not only from the technical aspect of submarines but to learn from other people. It felt as though I was reenergized in the way I saw life and the goals I had set for myself were becoming reality. I knew people were counting on me to make decisions that will not put them in jeopardy while I was on the boat. I also had to reinvent the way I acted towards others, especially to the higher ranking people. Before, I was in the military I would call people no matter who it was by their first name as though we were friends. As my new beginning started, I think back of all the time thought about how things should have been instead of taking in and acknowledging the transition to a new beginning and new life I was encountering. Reflective Analysis In my lifetime I have experienced many watershed moments that have played a  big part of my evolution from a young boy to adulthood. When I was faced with difficult times and decisions as I was growing up, I could do nothing but learn from those experiences and share MY WATERSHED MOMENT 8 them with my children. We have to prepare ourselves for new opportunities that come our way and move on with whatever we are facing. Change will always be peeking around the corner and no matter how hard we try to stop it, it cannot be done. So, I have learned whatever change you are faced with it is not worth the stress that comes with it. Just make the best of it, adapt to it, and challenge it only if you feel it jeopardizes safety and well-being. References Bridges, W. (2004). Transitions: Making sense of life’s changes, revised 25th Anniversary Edition: Cambridge, MA: Perseus Publishing.

Stop and Frisk Essay Example for Free

Stop and Frisk Essay The Stop and Frisk program employed by the New York Police Department, gives police officers the right to initiate a stop of an individual on the street allegedly based on reasonable suspicion of criminal activity. Stop and frisk has been an NYPD tool for decades, but in recent years it has generated an increased amount of criticism and debate due to the alarming rate in which they occur communities of color, who often feel under attack and harassed by the police. Minorities even make up the majority percentage of people searched in predominantly white neighborhoods, which is why I believe that either some kind of quota or limit system should be implement where only a certain percentage of people stopped cane be of a specific race or from specific neighborhood, or New York City should just get rid of the program all together. In 2011 alone, 700,000 New Yorkers were pulled over for stop and frisk searches. Approximately 87 percent were Hispanic or Black and of that percentage 90 percent were deemed innocent (Huffington Post). In comparison, from 2002 to 2011 Hispanics and Blacks made up 90 percent of people stopped, and 88 percent of those stopped were innocent New Yorker (New York Civil Liberties Union). If racial profiling in this case was effective that would be one thing, but there has yet to be any published research that has proven the effectiveness of this program, which is shown in the lack of arrests produced. Violent crimes in New York have decreased by 29 percent between 2001 and 2010; however, other major cities, such as Los Angeles and New Orleans, have experience larger declines without the use of stop and frisk (New York Civil Liberties Union). This is a clear example of why this program that causes more harm than good, should be abolished. This issue is similar to the racial profiling tactics used by Transportation Security Administration officers at countless airports across the United States. Since the September 11th attacks there have been countless claims of racial profiling in airports, particularly against those who appear to be Muslim or Middle Eastern. While it is the TSAs job to keep airports safe and travelers minds at ease, as it is the NYPDs job to accomplish similar goals, this does not give them the right to stop those who are profiled due to their race, religion or simply because their physical appearance is suspicious. However, unlike the random search tactics used in New York, there is evidence that exhibits that the majority of Americans are in favor f racial profiling in airports. According to a 2010 poll conducted by USA Today, 75 percent of Americans polled favored subjecting airline passengers, who fit a profile of terrorists based on age, gender and ethnicity to more extensive security searches. Although airport security is extremely important, I would be in favor of a more random method of searching rather than specifically targeting a certain demogr aphic on the basis that they â€Å"fit a profile. For example, Mexican airport utilize a system where every traveler has to push a button that displays either a red light, which signifies that they must stop for further inspection, and green, which indicates that they are free to pass. Such a random system almost eliminates the possibility of racial profiling. One may argue that although, as a result of this program, only 10 percent of the people stopped and searched are actually arrested, that still means that there are less criminals roaming the streets making the city a safer place. The Police Commissioner of the NYPD, Raymond Kelly, has gone on the defense against critics, saying that neighborhoods, such as Harlem, have grown, population wise, and become safer. Kelly said that the program helped expose 8,000 illegal weapons in 2011 and that it is â€Å"a life-saving measure. † Still, the program faces judgment from local politicians and organizations, such as the New York Civil Liberties Union, who strongly believe that is useless, except in its targeting of residents of â€Å"high-crime areas† and makes them feel like second-class citizens.

Tackling Low Level Disruption in the Classroom

Tackling Low Level Disruption in the Classroom Hina Kamal Adham Introduction: It is a harsh fact that emerging numbers of children in the United Kingdom show disrupting, or expressing behaviour (also referred to as antisocial, challenging, defiant, noncompliant, aggressive, and acting-out behaviour), beyond the infrequent negligible incidents typical of most children throughout the usual progression of their development. Such behaviour has become one of the most unyielding concerns in schools (Bullock, Reilly, Donahue, 1983; Evans Evans, 1985; Hranitz Eddowes, 1990).There are implications when schools fail to prepare for behaviour disorders in secondary schools. Emotional behaviour disorder, aggression, defiance and disruption are most common reasons why students dont do well in school. One of the biggest challenges facing the classroom today is the on-going need to address problem behaviour (Calvin, 2010), according to Cowley(2001) one of the most essential characteristics of a good teacher is the ability to manage good behaviour, so that effective learnin g takes place . This vital aspiration can be generated of learning, if we can get children to focus, to have self-discipline, to behave themselves. In this essay I will discuss low level disruptions (LLD) as classified by Capel (2009) . What are the most effective strategies for combatting low level disruption? The YouGov investigations indicate that pupils are theoretically behind up to an hour of education every day in English schools because of this kind of distraction in classrooms. This is comparable to 38 days of learning lost each year. An enormous number of pupils, therefore, are being denied a major amount of valuable learning time. Typical features of this type of behaviour comprise pupils: talking pointlessly or conversing; calling out without authorization; being sluggish to start work or track rules; presenting an absence of esteem for each other and staff; not bringing the correct apparatus; using mobile devices improperly (Ofsted, 2014). According to Bennett (2011) this is anything that slows down the flow of your lesson without actually blowing it out of the water. School X has a very strict behaviour policy and it is maintained throughout the school, and it was proved during observation of high sets classes that pupils were engaged and there were very minor behaviour problems. However, low level disruption was observed in year 9 bottom set class, which was mostly disrupted by three students and followed by other students. This bottom set class is doing Higher GCSE curriculum, which is very challenging for them and with this LLD in the class on constant basis, will not help them to learn and progress. Therefore, I decided to do my research on this class as it is very important to diffuse this LLD for better learning and teaching[M1]. The strategies I have decided to apply in this class are reminding routines and providing starters as soon as they enter the class, moving around the class and providing worksheets during lesson. Research questions and sub questions: What are the most effective strategies for combatting low level disruption? How can reminding the class routines and starters best be used to engage pupils? How worksheets can help to engage pupils? How moving around the classroom can help pupils to remain on task? Focus: The main focus of this essay will be observing low level disruptive behaviour occurring in classrooms and how this has effect on learning also on the teacher. In addition the importance of this observation is to discover the successful strategies that defuse LLD in classrooms and applying to my own teaching and observe how effective those strategies are during my lesson which can be shared to make future decisions based on data collected during this research. A case study will be formed to examine the approaches I can practise to reduce the level of LLD. This case study will involve around using different strategies to diffuse LLD and see which method is most effective diffusing low level disruption. It is clearly shown that teachers use different ways of handling unacceptable behaviours therefore doing a case study at the ways they handle this to sustain good effective lesson will be done. Also, there will be different types of LLD behaviour which will be considered as well. Information will be gathered by creating questionnaires and focus groups with the students. Observation will be based on year 9 set 4 who I will be teaching, to gather a combination of LLD behaviours that occurs. This will take place using each technique in each lesson so that defined data can be collected and then compared. Observations will be taken by same teacher to avoid biased data. This will be collected using a tally chart which will then be transferred to give pictorial demonstration as graphs and bar charts. Research Plan There are many different approaches that can be employed when collecting data. According to Walliman (2010) data is divided into two categories; qualitative and quantitative data. Qualitative data is grounded on understanding opinion of others, to describe a problem and develop into an approach. Qualitative depends on cautious description of the meaning of words, the progress of concepts and variables and plotting the relationships between these. Concepts such as Peoples judgement, feeling of comfort, emotions, ideas, beliefs etc. can only be described in words. Common data collections used are in-depth interviews, focus groups, literary texts, historical records or observations. Qualitative data rely on human interpretation and evaluation and cannot be objectively measured in a typical way. Checks on consistency and extensiveness of qualitative data can be completed by referring a range of source of data relating to same event, called as triangulation (Walliman, 2010). It is the ins ights rather than statistical perceptions of the world (Bell, 2005). Quantitative research can be measured more precisely because it comprises some form of extent, usually expressed in numbers. Mathematical procedures can be used to analyse the data (Walliman, 2010) and according to Bell (2005) can be used to study the relationship of one set of facts with another. These can be mostly simple such as amounts or percentages or further sophisticated, such as statistical trials or scientific models. Examples of this type of collection are surveys and questionnaires (Walliman,2010). My analysis will be centred on using qualitative and quantitative methodology in order to observe and accumulate data to produce effective conclusion. The investigation will be carried out through the school that I am currently in to observe and gather data for producing the outcomes. The predominant methodology in this research is a blend of case study and action research. Case study surpasses at taking us to knowledge of an intricate matter or object and can spread understanding or add strength to what is previously known through former research. This research is also based on action research, as it is an experiment that if the desirable approach when applied shows any outcome. Action research should be reflected as a way of life in the classroom. As an insightful specialist it can be observed what occurs in the class and then classify a problem that needs to be addressed (Brown, 2015). The key features of action research comprise its combined nature, its open approach to power and teaching in the research practice, and its importance on taking action on a matter. The widespread cooperation between investigators and associates in action research must spread through each phase of investigation, from recognizing the problem to propagating the outcomes (BMJ, 2008). If the conclusions show a change in behaviour in-favour of the research question there is the possibility of offending the current practice of other teachers (Bell and Waters, 2014) Case study will provide useful insightful information about Low level disruption and why it occurs bearing in mind three probable features that may subsidise; beginning of the lesson with class routines reminded and starters; using worksheets in middle of lesson; moving around the class to help students to stay on task. Case studies are advantageous when considering directly at cause and result especially when the investigator has partial control of events that occur during a study (Cohen, Manion and Morrison, 2011). After consulting relevant literature, I will then formulate an approach or intervention, which I will carry out in my classroom. Therefore, I will use action research and work with this intervention and I will reflect and reconsider its effectiveness and impact and the cycle can start again. For a practice-based investigation I may go through several sets or complete one set only. The advantage of the action research is that it naturally develops from your teaching pract ice and that it addresses real issues within your classroom. Typical criticism of action researches would be that they are not rigorous or systematic enough. I aim to produce better learning and reduce LLD, based on initial observations by manipulating pupils experiences such as getting on with starter, using worksheets to engage them, moving around the class so that stay on task. To avoid biased results, Mr A will be observing the lesson. The data will be taken in form of tally table where different types of LLD behaviour will be monitored and noted. The different types of LLD include taking, calling out, slow at working, not bringing the right equipment, taping, throwing objects, walking across the room, using mobile devices, giggling or laughing. The data collected during different lessons using different strategies to control LLD, for example data collected when teacher is moving around the class and when teacher is not moving around the class, from this examination it will then be converted into graphical demonstration, analysed and further evaluated and compared to be able to answer the difference that how these strategies are combatting LLD. Although observations can provide you vast amount of data, but many errors can occur during observations, one of the main error can occur due to the presence of observer, students can act differently or observer can be biased, therefore despite the many advantages of the case study procedure, it has limitation mainly due to subjectivity by the researcher therefore I will need to bear in mind this when carrying out the results. Along with the case study, questionnaires will be produced for students to answer. Using this method, I will be able to gather data from their viewpoint on how well they think teacher manages the class especially when LLD behaviours are prompted. This is also to know their point of view that how they feel when these techniques are used in class to diffuse LLD. Questionnaires permits data to be congregated into numerical arrangement as the questions are more inflexible as the respondent can only select from customised set of answers you have given. This procedure is a fast way to gather data and more unbiased; its easy to analyse and they are quick for respondent to answer. However, there are some disadvantages for instance, if people are not interested in the topic they will respond skewing the sample, or they will ignore some questions. When formulating the questions, it is significant to plan them to help answer the research question in mind. Focus group will be generated for the s tudents. Focus groups also called as group discussions an effective and reliable technique for accumulating data. The focussed groups will be used to ask the students questions regarding their own perceptions of LLD, what do they think of strategies used to diffuse LLD, how often LLD occurs in their classroom also how well they think the strategies used can help to concentrate more and do well during lesson. Focus groups are advantageous as it delivers rich information that can highlight issues not previously considered as Wilson (2009) claimed. Therefore, using questionnaires and focus groups it will verify the data collected during observation[M2]. Ethical Considerations It is important to consider ethical consideration, when a research is performed and it requires involvement of people. The ethical considerations implemented are the framework formed by Cohen, Manion and Morrisons (2004). It is ensured in this research that there is enough data to draw into conclusions with evidence. There is no name and identity revealed in this research, which is very important. The purpose and procedures of research have been informed to the teachers and the students, providing them with full details that what is being looked into. Concern was made into how the research would be beneficial for school rather than being risky as all ethical characteristics have been reflected. Additionally the investigation can be favourable to teachers with respect to how to handle LLD in classrooms. Any debatable concerns that may arise will be measured with great thoughtfulness as the research will be unbiased as possible. Every teacher handles LLD using their own strategies, hen ce it is expected some will vary to control and disregard this. Everything will be kept anonymous to avoid insecurity from teachers on their ability of handling LLD. The way this research has been designed and will conduct, very careful though has been taken into account, to keep it as objective as possible[M3]. Outcomes: Figure (1) shows the bar chart of two different lessons of same class started differently, blue bar shows the data collected when class routines were not reminded to class before entering the class and no starter on board, grey bars shows the data collected when students were reminded of class routines and starter was already on board. The systematic observation results are quite evident, and show the relation between the beginnings of two lessons. When no routines were reminded and no starter was on board they were less prepared, they didnt take out books and equipments straight away as they entered the class, they lost concentration and were not ready to learn, therefore low level disruption was triggered straight away as there was no structure in place as compared to the results when students were reminded of clear routines as soon as they entered the class and starter was already on board for them to get started with work. Figure (2) shows the graphical representation of questionnaire results from students during the lesson when no routines were reminded to them while entering the class and no starter was on the board. 21.6% students agreed and strongly agreed that they learned a lot in the lesson, they felt challenged in the lesson, and they worked well in the lesson, however 32% disagreed and strongly disagreed with the above statements. 30% students agreed that they felt distracted during lesson and only 25% students disagreed. 20% of students manage to finish work. Figure (3) shows the graphical representation of the results of questionnaire completed by students. The bar chart shows that 35% of students agreed and strongly agreed that they learned a lot in that lesson, felt challenged and worked well in the lesson and 18% students disagreed with the statements. 12.5% students agreed and 37.5% disagreed that they got distracted in the lesson. Hence if the two results of figure 2 and 3 are analysed and compared, it can be seen clearly how effective reminding routines and displaying starter at the beginning of the class, if the starter is already on the board for students it challenges students energy. Lastly during focussed groups, students answered about how they feel when routines were reminded, their answers matched to the data collected through observations and questionnaires, they felt reminded that they are in the class and they should be ready to do work, similarly they thought when the starter is not on the board they dont feel challenged and focussed as they dont know exactly what to do. Figure (4) shows the mathematical representation of two sets of data collected in two different lessons of same class, blue bars shows the data collected when there was no movement in the class and teacher stood by the board while students were given a task. The systematic data is very clear and shows the difference that how LLD changes when teacher is moving around the class, which show how teachers presence is influential. If teachers remain still at the front of class students can easily get distracted and it can be seen from the bar chart that many students were talking and were off-task. When teachers move around and talk to students about their task, it helps them to remain on task and focussed. Figure (5) shows the graphical representation of the results of questionnaire from students during the lesson when teacher was not moving around the class and was standing at front of the class. 21% of students felt they learned a lot, they felt challenged and they worked well during the lesson. 30% of students felt distracted and 20% disagreed that they felt distracted during lesson. Only 15% of students finished all work and 40% disagreed that they managed to finish their work. Figure (6) shows the graphical representation of questionnaire results during the lesson when teacher was moving around the class to check students work and to help them. 31% students agreed and strongly agreed that they learned a lot, they felt challenged and worked well during this lesson. 20% students felt distracted and 30% disagreed that they felt distracted. 28% students finished all their work and 22% students disagreed that they managed to finish their work during this lesson. The outcomes between two situations can be compared and analysed, there is a difference of 10% of students better learning and less distraction when teacher was moving around the classroom and these results relate to observations taken in figure 4. It shows very clearly that when teacher moves around the classroom, students remain focussed and stay on task and ask questions, teachers spot common mistakes made by students and it helps teachers as well to assess them during this time. Hence it can be evaluated by focus group answers, when teacher is standing at front of the classroom, students dont work and get a chance to talk to their peers, whereas when teacher is moving in the class, they feel focussed and try to get engaged, and added that sometimes they feel shy to ask questions and if the teacher is moving around, its easier for them to ask questions. Figure (7) shows the mathematical representation of the data collected from two lessons of same class, blue bars shows the data when there were no worksheets used between the lesson and grey bars shows the data when worksheets are used in the lesson. It is evident that the LLD is much lower when worksheets are used in the class, especially for low set classes as they get distracted by looking at the board for a longer time, also it causes less anxiety for struggling students, and they feel successful repeating over and over again. When there are no worksheets, sometimes students find it boring and nothing different been done in the class[M4]. Figure (8) shows the results of the questionnaire requested by students to answer after lesson when No worksheets were provided during lesson. The data collected shows that 21.6% students strongly agreed and agreed that they learned a lot, felt challenged, and worked well this lesson; however 28.3% students disagreed and strongly disagreed about these statements. 30% students agreed and strongly agreed that they felt distracted this lesson and 22.5% disagreed and strongly disagreed. 20% students agreed that they finished their work and 30% disagreed that they finished their work. Figure (9) shows the results of questionnaires from students when worksheets were provided to students during the lesson. The graphical representation shows clear results that students learned better when they were provided worksheets during lesson. 32.5% students strongly agreed and agreed that they learned a lot, they felt challenged and they worked well. 22.5% agreed that they felt distracted and 25% disagreed and strongly disagreed that they felt distracted. 30% of students agreed that they finished all their work and 20% students disagreed that they finished their work[M5]. The data between two different situations can be compared and it shows a clear result that only 21.6% students were concentrated during lesson when no worksheets were provided as compared to 32.5% students learned a lot during the lesson when the strategy was applied to diffuse LLD and worksheets were given to students, 22.5% students agreed that they felt distracted during that lesson as compared to 30% students who agreed that they felt distracted during lesson when there were no worksheets provided. This analysis shows that the strategy to diffuse LLD using worksheets is very effective and especially for lower ability sets who gets uninterested and disengaged by the middle of the lesson[M6]. Results of providing worksheets in the class can be triangulated by students focus group feedback, where they responded that it gets boring for them to see the board and copy questions from there, and they lose attentiveness, if worksheets are provided they feel focussed[M7]. Conclusion: The first investigation carried out to diffuse LLD was reminding routines to the class and starter on board or ready for them to hand over, to conclude it is essential to point out the reality showed during a controlled and disciplined approach, shows from all three methodologies by observations(case study), questionnaires and focus group with a group of students that the LLD was massively reduced, as reminding routines fairly worked as it reminded students that they are in a learning environment, same as setting up the starter reduced all sort of LLD, students felt that they managed to [M8]do work well when they are given a direction as soon as they enter the class and they have work from previous lessons as starter, it keeps them enthusiastic about the lesson and focussed. Similarly, second investigation carried out was The effects on learning when teacher moves around the classroom, the results drawn and analysed shows clear and positive outcome of this defined strategy that there was less LLD during the class, quantitative and qualitative both results conclude that it is an effective strategy whereas when the teacher was not moving during the lesson, students were disengaged and LLD was higher, students took advantage that teacher is not looking at their work so they can either talk or remain quiet and stay off-task. It was also proved while I was moving around and checking their books, students were trying to solve questions and focused as they knew teacher is present in the class and checking their progress[M9]. Third investigation carried out was How providing worksheets can help to reduce LLD. At first observations and questionnaires were carried out when no worksheets were provided during lesson and questions were displayed on board, it was quite evident that they got disengaged and lost concentration copying questions from board, it can be the effect of seating of this class too as this class seating is they all sit in one columned desk and they find it difficult to look at the board for 60 minutes. Clear indications from observations, questionnaires result and lastly focus groups shows that student learn better if they receive a worksheet, as they are only focussed on the worksheet and not moving their head around and get distracted[M10]. The strategies applied to diffuse LLD shows clear results in improvement of behaviour, however for each strategy only one lesson was observed due to time constraint, which can give biased results, and students were informed that a research is taking place, and their behaviour could have been altered as defined by Hawthorne effect. Other than this human errors can occur while taking data and topic of lesson can affect these factors too as this is a lower ability class and doing higher GCSE, some topics are challenging and harder for the class to remain focus on. Therefore, the results are inconclusive, as there was no repetition of observations and the conditions of the class was not same throughout[M11]. Ways Forward: This research has proved that to minimize or diffuse LLD in low ability classes: Students should be reminded routines of the class as they enter the class. Students can be anxious when they do not know what is going to happen during the day, students needs to be reminded and explained what are the expectations and what is going to happen during the lesson. Prepare starter and display on board or hand in to students as they enter the class, this is a basic one but it allows teachers to challenge students energy, setting out resources, finding papers and setting up the classroom while students wait only encourages LLD. Move around the classroom while students are given a task, teachers presence is extremely important and powerful. Moving around the class helps students to stay on task and not to get distracted. Talking to them about their task giving them deadlines can help to reduce LLD. Provide worksheets for the lesson, as it helps especially lower ability groups to stay focussed, as students lose concentration easily copying questions from board and lesson becomes boring for them, as moving around their head encourages to see around and talk to their peers rather than concentrating on the task. As discussed in conclusion, to draw more reliable and successful understanding of this research, further investigations have to be supported in the following way. Each strategy used to minimise LLD, would have to be repeated, so that more accurate and wide data can be drawn, so that the degree of accuracy is higher. Students will not act or be conscious about the research and will be more comfortable in the research environment. This study should take place on a wider range and research should be carried out with different year groups and different abilities. Recording a lesson is another way to make data more reliable, as there will be no biased results or human errors involved. The following research can help other teachers and the school, in order to maintain better learning of pupils and minimising LLD[M12]. References: Bullock, L., Rielly, T., Donahue, C. (1983), School violence and what teachers can do about it. Contemporary Education,55(1), 40-43. Colvin, G. (2010) Defusing Disruptive Behaviour in the Classroom, California: SAGE Cowley, S. 2001, Getting the buggers to behave, Continuum, London. Capel, Leask and Turner. (2001). Learning and Teaching in the Secondary School. A companion to School Experience. London. RoutledgeFalmer. Ofsted(2014) Below the radar: low-level disruption in the countrys classrooms ,[Online], Available: https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/379249/Below_20the_20radar_20-_20low-level_20disruption_20in_20the_20country_E2_80_99s_20classrooms.pdf [september,2014] Bennett, T. (2011) Behaviour Low Level Disruption, [online], Available: http://www.tes.co.uk/article.aspx?storyCode=6087267 [19/12/2013] Walliman, Nicholas. The Basics : Research Methods: The Basics : The Basics (1). Florence, US: Routledge, 2010. ProQuest ebrary. Web. 12 November 2016. Brown, Nicole. (2015)Action research or Case study.[Online],Available: http://www.nicole-brown.co.uk/action-research-or-case-study/ BMJ 2008;337:a567 Bell, J. and Waters, S. (2014). Doing Your Research Project. 6th ed. England: McGraw Hill Education Cohen, L. Manion, L. and Morrison, K. (2011). Research Methods In Education. 7th ed. London: Routledge. Lawrence, T(2013). 10 ways to deal with Low Level distruption,[online], Available: https://www.theguardian.com/teacher-network/teacher-blog/2013/may/21/classroom-disruption-top-tips [M1]Good to see that you have used sources and you build a good context. This is sufficient but EBI you have focused on some detail here on particular strategies. (i.e. given that starters is a strategy you look at could you have used the lecture where start the lesson before the lesson was considered?) [M2]Good, this part is sourced well, you understand some important methodology concepts and have built a reasonably clear plan. <

Drowning :: essays research papers

Drowning is the second leading cause of injury deaths of infants and children younger than 15 years old in the United States. I know many of you may have small children and relatives so this may be of some interest to you. A personal experience happened to me when I was around seven years old. I still can remember it like yesterday. This incident almost cost me my life, I was disobedient and it still has a big effect on me now. This little act of mine caused a lot of stress to many people, I was seven years old and at the time I was the only child. I stayed with my mother and my step-dad. We lived in the trailer parks; I was at the babysitter’s house and she had two teenage sons. One was named Tim and the other Derrick, and I wanted to be like them. It was a hot summer day, and Tim and Derrick went swimming at the pool up at the front of the trailer park. I asked the babysitter could I go she said, â€Å"NO!† This made me very upset because I couldn’t go to the pool with her sons. She told me the reason why I couldn’t go was because she was in charge of me and she wasn’t going to be up there watching me. I wasn’t really caring about what she was talking about. She went into the kitchen and was making me some lunch while I was on the sofa. After lunch was ready I ate all my food and told her that I was going outside to play with the dog. I went out to play with Face; she was a full breed pit bull, but she liked me. After about an hour of being bored outside playing by myself, I began to think of a way I could sneak to the pool. I went inside the house without being seen and put on my swimming trunks. Running as fast as I could I left out the house and sprinted to the pool. I was so happy I was finally at the pool, so I walked around the pool once and took off my shoes and shirt. Not knowing I was at the deep end of the pool I ran and jumped into the pool. Straight to the bottom I went. All of a sudden in one blink my fun turned into a scare. It was the water and me and I didn’t know how to swim. So I was gasping for air all I could see

Extacy the Drug Essay examples -- essays research papers

In the past 20 years, chemically made drugs have been increasing in popularity among drug users all around the world. Although "old" drugs like marijuana and cocaine are still used among addicts, chemically prepared drugs like Extacy and Angel Dust are becoming more common and desired by drugs users today. It is also true that these drugs contain a much larger percentage of life threatening substances. Although Extacy is a dangerous drug, it has been excessively rumored by the media to be the "Killer Drug from Hell". This is unfair though, because the statistics show that deaths due to Extacy are rare and can usually be prevented by the user. Over the past years, it has adapted many other names including E, XTC, X, Ecstasy, MDMA, MDA, Dove, Love, and Adam. (1) Extacy is 3,4 methylenedioxymethylamphetamine, (MDMA). It was invented in 1912 to help in medical science, but was used very rarely. In the 1970?s, it was also said to have been introduced as helping in psychotherapy. It was first used as a street and illicit drug in the mid 1980?s. MDMA is a part of the phenethylamines family of drugs. It is very similar to another drug in this family known as MDA (3,4 methylenedioxyamphetamine). MDA is basically a heavier form of MDMA, where the effects of the drug can last longer, and the symptoms can get more severe. MDMA is also close to MDEA (3,4 methylenedioxyethylamphetamine) which is basically a lighter form of MDMA, where the effects last less and the symptoms are less powerful. It is proven to be extremely dangerous to those suffering from asthma, epilepsy, diabetes, hypertension, glaucoma and pregnant women. (1,3) Extacy is a powerful mood changer, which lets the user act the way he/she wants without having to... ...om the dancing is recommended for the heart to give itself a break. For the body to recover from Extacy, lots of Vitamin C and Calcium are needed. Also, sleeping and eating is another way of recovery, since a lot of energy is lost from the dancing and being hyper while at the peak. (1,3,4,7) Extacy has been one of the drugs most desired by the public in the past decade. It is known to carry a risk factor along with it, but this factor seems to have become exaggerated by the media to certain levels. Although it is no "Killer Drug", Extacy has caused some deaths. Most of these deaths could have been prevented if the users had been careful. After saying all this, I must state again that Extacy is among the Class A group of drugs. This group contains the most dangerous drugs, and that is why all people are recommended to stay far away from this drug as possible.

The Four Functions of Management Essay -- Business Management McDonald

The Four Functions of Management One would be amazed to hear that 48 million customers are served everyday in 119 countries at a McDonald?s and as of 2004 there were 31,561 system-wide restaurants (2005 fact sheet). Being enrolled in a management course, one automatically begins to think about how many managers there must be in place to manage all those locations. Though McDonald?s is a franchise and all restaurants are individually owned, the four functions of management are still important factors which enable the operation of a store to be successful. In this paper we will discuss how globalization, technology, and diversity impact the four functions of management which are: planning, organizing, leading, and controlling (Bateman et al, 2004). Globalization Globalization is a process of interaction and integration among the people, companies, and governments of different nations. It is a process driven by international trade and investment and aided by international technology. This process has its effects on the environment, on culture, on political systems, on economic development and prosperity, and on human physical well-being in societies around the world (Center for Strategic International Studies, 2002). McDonald?s Corporation is a leading food service retailer and worldwide, McDonald?s owns a large segment of the restaurant business. McDonald?s manages its system by geographical segments. The largest in terms of both revenue and restaurants is McDonald?s USA. In the United States (U.S.), McDonald?s has over 12,300 traditional restaurants, plus approximately 1320 satellite locations in facilities like hospitals. They serve more than 21.8 million customers a day. Approximately 85.5 percent of the restaurants are operated, under franchise agreements, by local independent business people, Owners/Operators (www.mcdonalds.com, Flakes, B. personal communication). Within the controlling function of management, McDonald?s introduced the Restaurant Improvement Operations Process (RIOP) in 2002 to evaluate the how effectively the restaurants are meeting quality standards. McDonald?s also established a global program that ensures compliance with the guiding principles of the company. Under the procedures of McDonald?s, each company that does not pass an audit will be given 30 days to remedy that problem. Under the planning, leading, and organiz... ... the new competitive landscape. 6th ed. New York: McGraw Hill. Beaudan, E. (2001, January/February). The failure of strategy. Ivey Business Journal, 65(3), 64-68. CSIS Global Connections (2002). Center for Strategic International Studies. What is globalization? Retrieved August 8, 2005 from http://www.globalization101.org/ Diversity Initiative Highlights. (2004) Retrieved Aug. 09, 2005 from www.mcdonalds.com/corp/values/diversity/diversity_facts.html Driver, A.D. (2004, July). The Metropolitan Corporate Counsel. McDonald?s corporation ? serving local communities at home and abroad. Vol 12(7). Gallagher, S. (2003, July). McDonald?s Technology Trials, Retrieved July 31, 2005, from http://www.baselinemag.com/article2/0,1540,1173920,00.asp McDonalds Corporation. (2002). About McDonalds. Retrieved August 9, 2005, from McDonalds Corporation Web site: http://www.mcdonalds.com McDonalds Corporation. 2005 fact sheet. Retrieved Aug. 09, 2005, from McDonalds Corporation Web site: http://mcd.mobular.net/mcd/90/8/10/ Nation?s Restaurant News, Diversity at McDonald?s: a way of life. April 11, 2005 v39 il5. Pg. S92(3). PR Newswire Association, Inc., May 24, 2004.

Food Intake Essay

The Encyclopedia of Women’s Health (2004) defines nutrition as the sum of processes involved with the consumption of food. The human body depends on nutrients from carbohydrates, proteins, fats, water, and fiber to function. Nutrition, exercise, and an appropriate diet work cohesively to maintain that the body is working productively and at full capacity. This week’s assignment required the recording of daily food intakes for a span of three days. Data from each meal was inputted into the IProfile food journal program, and reports were evaluated to determine how nutrition, diet, and physical activity are dependent on each other and impact health. The daily food journal allowed detailed imputation of realistic consumption products and studied information centered on individual particulars of weight, age, and physical actions. Daily Intake A three-day span of meal entries was inputted to the iProfile journal. Meals were chronicled around breakfast, lunch, dinner, and snacks. Protein, carbohydrates, and lipids were included in my daily meals. Within the span of three days, I indulged in both healthy and unhealthy meal choices based on convenience and strategic meal scheduling. Proteins were an essential portion of my meals, which consisted of baked chicken, honey baked ham, hot dog, grilled chicken, eggs, and baked fish. Carbohydrates are indispensable for nutrition as the digestive system converts carbohydrates into glucose and into energy needed by the cells, tissues, and organs. Lack of carbohydrates will result in feelings of fatigue and weakness (Medline Plus, 2012). I consumed a large amount of carbohydrates within the time constraints. My carbohydrate count was to stay within 248-358 of which my intake was 299 g (University of Phoenix, 2012). Carbohydrates can be found in fruits, vegetables, breads, grains, milk, and products that contain sugar. Some foods high in carbohydrate content are toast, jasmine rice, stuffing, lemon, cake, avocado, bread pudding, and corn. Lipids, also referred to as triglyceride, are a kind of fat that can be found in both plant and animal products. The body needs lipids to generate energy, but a surplus in lipid intake contributes to the development of heart disease (Nall, 2011). The honey baked ham and chicken that my family enjoyed did have a fatty film of saturated fat. I also tend to cook with milk and butter that is another saturated fat. On top of my bread pudding on Saturday was a tablespoon scoop of vanilla ice cream. Personal Intake After reviewing foods that provide the body with protein, carbohydrates, and lipids, it was imperative to review my own personal intakes. My personal intake for the duration of the study was 2011kcal with my recommended DRI at 2204 kcal. Most of my daily intakes were within the recommended range, but there are areas within my diet that I need to adjust. Protein My protein DRI was to stay within 55-193g of which I consumed 72 g still within the recommend range for my individual parameters. Proteins are essential for growth, tissue repair, and enzyme protection (Cespedes, 2012). This project was eye-opening as I realized the need to manage and balance what I eat with my physical activity to offset my consumption intakes. Complete Protein It is noteworthy that majority of the meals I consumed centered on complete proteins. Some meals had both complete protein and incomplete protein such as rice and corn. A complete protein source affords all necessary amino acids and is referred to as high quality proteins including meat, poultry, fish, milk, eggs, and cheese (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012). I was pleasantly surprised to discover my meal portions consist of complete proteins containing vital amino acids. Fiber From the data collected over the three days, my total fiber does not meet the suggested DRI. The preferred DRI of fiber for a person of my characteristics and lifestyle was 25 g, whereas my fiber total was 14 g. I do agree that the intake was correct, and while my intention is to eat more fiber based products, I tend to limit myself as my husband’s diet is fiber limited as he has Crohn’s Disease. The iProfile site highlights that my current diet does not meet the minimum servings of foods from each fiber group. While I had thought that I was consuming a substantial amount of vegetables and fruits both areas are below standard intake. The food products that afforded me the most fiber was cornmeal stuffing, rice, strawberry, bread, and lemons. The products that offer the least fiber benefit were ham, ice cream, and processed macaroni and cheese. Reading over the reports I noticed that my meal trends tend to center on main proteins. I need to remember to efficiently balance more vegetables and fruits such as peas, carrots, bananas, and raspberries. Fiber is vital as the body needs fiber to digest. Fiber also reduces the development of colorectal and gastrointestinal cancer (Zelman, 2012). Staying within the macronutrient intake range is important as deficiency in any nutrient can impact energy level, growth, and ability to function. Eating too much protein can lead to osteoporosis, whereas if deficiency in saturated fat can lead to coronary artery disease (Cespedes, 2012). While I did stay within the recommended range, I do see areas of improvement particularly eating more lean meats lowering my saturated fats and incorporating more fruits into my diet as it was fairly existent. The project did not provide the results I was expecting. I found that the process allowed for me to really understand how important nutrition, diet, and exercise are for my health. I need to consume more food products that contain calcium, potassium, vitamins D, A, E, and K. I also need to look at portions and type of products I am cooking limiting the sodium intake as I was excessively over my DRI. Including more fiber-based fruits and vegetables can help ensure that my body is digesting the nutrients my body needs to function adequately. References Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/nutrition/everyone/basics/protein.html Cespedes, A. (2012). Livestrong. Retrieved from http://www.livestrong.com/article/553038-what-happens-if-my-macronutrient-int

Core Values Essay

Inspired by the charism of Saint Marcellin Champagnat, Notre Dame of Marbel University anchors its faith and life on the following core values as foundational qualities with which the Marist Brothers, Mission Partners, and students approach the entire educational process and academic atmosphere of the University: Family Spirit, Marian, Love of Work, Preference for the Least Favored, Quality Education, Integrity of Creation, and Culture-sensitivity. Family Spirit St. Marcellin Champagnat’s great desire and legacy was in the style of relationship he encouraged between teachers and students- a relationship premised on love and expressed in a style which Marcellin called â€Å"family spirit.† Akin to the characteristic of a good family are: a warmth of welcome, acceptance, belongingness and authentic concern which should prevail where everyone has a sense of being valued and believed in, regardless of their role or their social standing. Marian Mary is for us the perfect model of the Marist Educator, as she was for Marcellin. As a woman, a layperson and Jesus’ first follower, she is our inspiration in living out personal faith and virtue of simplicity. As an educator of Jesus at Nazareth, she inspires our pedagogical approach. The Marian aspect of our spirituality is expressed above all, in our identifying with her attitudes towards others and to God. She is in our midst, a symbol of unity and mission, a witness to God’s solidarity with people in their needs and sufferings. Love of Work Love of work implies a cheerful and careful preparation of all the things one does. It values the dignity of work as a powerful means of self-fulfillment, of giving purpose and meaning to life, and of contributing to the general economics, social and cultural well-being. It is manifested through a deep sense of personal planning and motivation that shows itself in the good use of time, talent and initiative. Preference for the Least Favored Preference for the least favored is to be with those who are excluded from the mainstream of society, and those whose material poverty leads to deprivation in relation to health, family life, schooling, and educational values. With the emergence of social and cultural challenges confronting the world, preference to the least favored means being concerned toward the youth who are affected by the social, political, and cultural problems of the society. Quality Education A Marist school is a center of learning, of life and of evangelizing. It leads students â€Å"to learn, to know, to be competent, to live together and most especially, to grow as persons.† Quality education is characterized as holistic where students are progressively initiated into their life-long challenge of harmonizing faith, culture and life. It provides educational programmes, curriculum contents, and teaching methods that meet the aspirations of students, parents and the community with regard to subject choices, career possibilities and educational needs of the community. It gives emphasis to educating students by teaching them through good examples and inculcating in them the importance of the craft of teaching and its support systems. Integrity of Creation â€Å"Respect for the value of life† and â€Å"care for the mother earth† are two major themes in valuing the integrity of creation. It upholds life-giving values and promotes stewardship of the earth. Culture Sensitivity Culture must be accepted as the gift of every people, the expression of their dignity, liberty and creativity, and the testimony of their unique place in the history of humanity. Culture sensitivity means openness and respect to the different culture of peoples. It promotes dialogue as a way of enhancing unity in diversity. On the individual level, it is a communication between two persons with different views, different values and traditions, to learn from each other in order for them to change and grow. Culture sensitivity as a value promotes respect for the tri-people of Mindanao, develops programs for inter-faith dialogue and upholds advocacy on issues as a result of the emerging culture of the global world.

Penelope

You can say that Penelope Is the perfect representation of patience, loyalty and fidelity because thou knowing the true whereabouts of her husband she blindly trusts his return, and along the work we can see how rejected suitors presented In Its door. Here we can also see one of Its mall features, the cunning. And not only that, pride In her home and family, and features such as hospitality make her one of the most complete characters with Odysseus.Penelope knows how to act in such a way that inadvertently marry any of the suitors, an idea how to deceive them, keep them in your door, and take advantage in some way all these gifts and favors that made him. The loom of the lord Alerts, is one of the representations of Penelope intelligence. She tells her suitors that when you finish this loom knitting, she will choose who he wants to marry. Carefully every night she undid everything she wove in the morning. With this trick was tricking her suitors three years. She said to us: My lords, my Suitors, though Odysseus is dead and you are eager for me to marry, have patience till I complete this work, I do not want it wasted, this shroud for noble Alerts, ready for when pitiless death's cruel end overtakes him: since I fear some Achaean woman f this land would blame me, if he who won great wealth lay there without a shroud† (8. 11) We can see Penelope as a strong woman, she is the queen of Ithaca and knows the responsibility that entails, if she married another man, this would become the king of Ithaca.She is able to take her house and her family by herself, demonstrating great courage and strength. I could say it's in their own way, the other heroine of the Odyssey. In the work by comparing the story of Penelope and Odysseus with the story of Clytemnestra and Agamemnon see the obvious differences between the characters. Penelope and Clytemnestra were In the same situation, but react in completely opposite ways. While Clytemnestra betrays Agamemnon having being u nfaithful and finally killing him, Penelope Is faithful to her husband, waiting for him not knowing If he will return.This highlights even more the characteristics of Penelope, making It look Like a strong and sensible woman. â€Å"†¦ Most plateful was the voice I heard of Prism's daughter Cassandra, killed by treacherous Clytemnestra over me; but I lifted my hands and with them beat on the ground as I died upon the sword, but the sluttish woman turned away from me and was so hard hat her hands would not press shut my eyes and mouth though I was going to Hades'.So there is nothing more deadly or more vile than a woman who stores her mind with acts that are of such sort, as this one did when she thought of this act of dishonor, and plotted the murder of her lawful husband. See, I had been thinking home, but she with thoughts surpassingly grisly splashed the shame on herself and the rest of her sex, on women still to come, even on the one whose acts are virtuous. † (1 1. 2 1-434) The contradiction that we can find in the behavior of Penelope s precisely how she keeps her suitors waiting for her, but this is part of one of its main characteristics, which is the intelligence to handle the situation alone. While continuing to be faithful and loyal to Odysseus, get to take advantage of the suitors. If we focus on the position of women in society of ancient Greece, Penelope is represented as an ideal woman, example of charity, generosity, cunning and intelligence. Penelope takes an unprecedented role for this time, even though this behavior so we could get to find normal in our society.Homer represents Penelope as a heroine of Greek society. Makes her everything a Greek woman should do, keep fidelity and loyalty to her husband, but this is 20 years without returning home. She's at home, as a woman, but also we can see a man talking and arguing with them, something for which a Greek woman is not ready. This raises the idea that Penelope is partly oppressed by Greek customs but this is contradicted by his acting and bringing the situation, because she believes in the love she feels for Odysseus and that he will eventually return.A woman in Greek society should not be allowed to play such positions, Odysseus could have given power to someone who was not Penelope, but it is she who is in charge of the kingdom. With that Homer shows us his vision of the ideal woman Greek. Another sign of cunning and intelligence of Penelope is when she thinks about testing the arc. As Chris Emily-Jones says in The Reunion of Penelope and Odysseus led by the intuition that the beggar was really Odysseus invents arc test, knowing that the only one who could use it was him. Penelope had the intuition that the beggar was Odysseus by his dreams and the attraction they felt for him.The only thing that can make us doubt this situation is, why she gives up and wants to get married at that time? Why happened when Odysseus is there? Alex Cist in his article Penelop e Role in the odyssey shows us a comparison with Calypso, Retreat makes Circe and through this comparison Penelope is represented as a woman and ideal lover: ;However, in the Odyssey, most women fall into one of two categories in regards to their personalities and relationships with men: they were either loyal wives (Retreat) or alluring seductresses (Calypso, Circe).What makes Penelope special is that she possesses characteristics of both an ideal wife and an ideal lover†. According Cist, the idea of perfect love is took from the sentiment between Odysseus and Penelope, the union that exists between both makes this love a perfect love and the perfect union ; The unity of Their personalities, according to Odysseus, means they have a perfect love, their minds and hearts are unified†.And one more time, as I have said before, Alex Cist shows us strong the idea of Penelope ability to handle her situation with the suitors: ;Penelope entrapment of her suitors despite constantl y rejecting and spurning them shows that she has what it takes to steal a man's heart. And important distinction, though, between the queen and other seductresses is that Penelope does not do this consciously. † We can compare Penelope with Mary Bloom, its equivalent in the Ulysses written by James Joyce.Molly would be the opposite figure of Penelope; her life is marked by a precocity in the final monologue of this work. On the other hand you can not criticize this attitude, because it conveys a message of naturalness and Molly's character tries to get on with life despite having in his mind to her husband Finally, we can say that Penelope was a great woman, and an example of ideal woman n Greek society, that's how Homer wanted to show it to us.