The Wife of Bath’s Tale

At the climax of The Wife of Bath's Tale, the sixth tale in Chaucer's work, an old woman exclaims â€Å"Now lift the curtain, see just how it is.† It is this call to action which seems to govern The Canterbury Tales as a whole. The curtains of pretense hide truths If all the world is a stage, then the performances we give daily are not truly indicative of our innermost thoughts and sentiments. Behind the stage curtain lay the forces which govern our actions. Social position and past experiences play no small role in how we view the world. The narrative frame Chaucer's work may revolve around the pilgrimage, an essentially religious experience, but it also presents this group of pilgrims/revelers as a microcosm for society. The archetypes explored and social commentary offered by the author point to an explorationWe are painted a portrait of contemporary customs and perspectives. An undeniable theme in Chaucer's Tale is the disparity between the ideals of chivalry and the less savory reality of the common people. The holy journey our characters are undertaking is at times sullied by raucousness It is not difficult here to discern who the commoners are from of those with world stature. Whatever camaraderie develops between the characters, social station remains a prominent factor throughout the narrative. While open conflict is rare, we see moments of contempt which offer glimpses into individual prejudices. Behind the drapery of manners that hides a man's true feelings, there is resentment and all the true dispositions which remain unspoken. It is what lies behind this veneer that is the subject of this paper. Within the interactions of the speakers as well as the tales themselves there can be seen a clashing of worldviews and personalities. Characters— at least the more profane ones— have no problem arguing with and badmouthing each other. The warm mood can be interrupted at times by personal attacks. The nature of these conflicts and Chaucer's deeper purpose will be examined here, in addition to whether the work should be considered a social commentary or a virtuous Christian tale.

Economic growth

Spending by the government on all nal goods and services. e. g. ages for government employees, the upkeep of military bases, the maintenance of Air Force One, the maintenance of roads and bridges This category includes government investments such as the maintenance/construction of roads. Does NOT include transfers of wealth such as Social Security, Medicare, and unemployment bene ts as they are already accounted for in Consumption. 14/ 31 Net exports: The di erence between total exports (to all other countries) and total imports (from all countries) to the U.S.. If this number is negative, the U. S. is importing more value than it is exporting, in what is called a trade de cit. If this number is positive, the U. S. is experiencing a trade surplus. Note that these values are in terms of the subject country's currency (U. S. dollars). We only consider net exports because 1) we do not want to double ount goods in the GDPs of other countries and 2) GDP is supposed to measure production i n the U. S.Splitting GDP – Factor Income Approach We can equivalently express this value in terms of how much agents in the U. S. receive for their goods or work. You can think of rms collecting revenue from the spending described in the national spending approach, and distributing it in the following way: Wages: Firms pay employees for their work Rent: Firms pay landowners and property owners rent Interest: Firms pay interest to the owners of the capital they are using Pro t: Any revenue that is left after the above payments are considered protThe sum of these yields GDP, as calculated using the factor income approach: Y = Wages + Rent + Interest + Prot 16/31 Equivalence of National Spending and Factor Income Approaches The sum of all the spending in the U. S. doesn't quite equal the sum of all payments to factors of production, so we need to make a few adjustments: Sales taxes aren't re ected in the factor income approach, so we need to add that The national spending approa ch considers production that occurs before the depreciation of capital (i. e. machines wearing down), so this must be considered when using the factor income approach. 17/31 Economic growth Spending by the government on all nal goods and services. e. g. ages for government employees, the upkeep of military bases, the maintenance of Air Force One, the maintenance of roads and bridges This category includes government investments such as the maintenance/construction of roads. Does NOT include transfers of wealth such as Social Security, Medicare, and unemployment bene ts as they are already accounted for in Consumption. 14/ 31 Net exports: The di erence between total exports (to all other countries) and total imports (from all countries) to the U.S.. If this number is negative, the U. S. is importing more value than it is exporting, in what is called a trade de cit. If this number is positive, the U. S. is experiencing a trade surplus. Note that these values are in terms of the subject country's currency (U. S. dollars). We only consider net exports because 1) we do not want to double ount goods in the GDPs of other countries and 2) GDP is supposed to measure production i n the U. S.Splitting GDP – Factor Income Approach We can equivalently express this value in terms of how much agents in the U. S. receive for their goods or work. You can think of rms collecting revenue from the spending described in the national spending approach, and distributing it in the following way: Wages: Firms pay employees for their work Rent: Firms pay landowners and property owners rent Interest: Firms pay interest to the owners of the capital they are using Pro t: Any revenue that is left after the above payments are considered protThe sum of these yields GDP, as calculated using the factor income approach: Y = Wages + Rent + Interest + Prot 16/31 Equivalence of National Spending and Factor Income Approaches The sum of all the spending in the U. S. doesn't quite equal the sum of all payments to factors of production, so we need to make a few adjustments: Sales taxes aren't re ected in the factor income approach, so we need to add that The national spending approa ch considers production that occurs before the depreciation of capital (i. e. machines wearing down), so this must be considered when using the factor income approach. 17/31

A GIS process to select a suitable site for locating a hospital in Literature review

A GIS process to select a suitable site for locating a hospital in London where ambulances can reach people within 10 minutes - Literature review Example The site should be big enough to accommodate a hospital with about 7000 rooms where about 800 beds can be placed and more than fifty two thousand hospital equipment and furniture. The stated rooms can appear to be incredibly many but with rooms needed for emergencies, offices, rehabilitations, outpatient and inpatient services; they cannot be enough. A site accommodating such a hospital ought to be as big as forty football pitches to ensure that there is even available space for hospital employees and patients’ families parking. Additionally, the hospital prospected has to have a number of towers to save on cost and land. Currently, most hospitals have to deal with congestion and extreme struggling incase more facilities are needed. Having a lot of land like that stated above ensures that the hospital can build all facilities required. Expansion of hospitals after their construction is always an unavoidable act. For this reason, there is a need of buying land as big as the one stated above to cater for expansion in the later years1. London has four major parts that include the southwest London, southeast London, northeast London and north central London. According to statistics, there are about twenty hospitals in each stated part but most are not newly build. Among these hospitals, a number are faced with difficulties of managing cleanliness. In choosing a site for constructing a hospital, it is essential to ensure that the site is near to multiple sources of water and power. It is essential to realize most hospitals around the London town centre are faced with problems related to water shortages since they did not take precaution during construction. Some locations may have all the other qualities but lack water. This should not be such a major problem since there are artificial build wells and boreholes that can supply the hospital with enough water.

Ethical Sustainability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Ethical Sustainability - Essay Example Applied ethics attempts to analyze and recommend morally correct strategies for addressing issues in a practical manner. Environmental ethics is a branch of applied ethics which is mostly concerned about the entire ecosystem and the relationship between humans and the natural environment. The concept gained traction in the west by works of Henry David Thoreau and John Muir, who raised concerns about the value of non human nature. However, Aldo Leopold’s essay The Land Ethic published in 1949 is generally considered as the key turning point in the field of environmental ethics. As an academic discipline, environmental ethics surfaced only after the early 1970s when the effects of industrial revolution on the natural environment were widely witnessed by ecological researchers. Environmental ethics includes anthropocentric and non-anthropocentric (bio-centric or eco-centric) schools of thought. The former is human-centered, considering only human species as of primary concern, wh ereas the later focuses on other aspects and components of nature as well (Kibert et al., 2012). The contemporary industrial consumer societies hold planetary worldview (anthropocentric) which asserts that as humans are the keystone species, they have the right to exploit natural resources to maximize their own benefit. Other species and natural components are valuable according to their usefulness to us. This world view is quite widely accepted due to the advancement in the human living standards after rapid industrial development since 1970s. The eco-centric worldview focuses on conservation of natural resources and ecosystems so that they are sustainable for humans as well as all forms of life. Major global challenges related to the environmental degradation such as biodiversity loss and the degradation of ecosystems, natural resource depletion due to population growth, pollution and global warming due to climate change are all considered essentially ethical problems under this w orldview. Eco-centric approaches emphasize that human race as a keystone species have ethical and moral obligations and responsibilities towards protecting the environment. This paper attempts to identify and examine an environmental ethical challenge such as global warming due to climate change and explore its consequences in the light of eco-centric school of thought. The paper will also suggest various strategies for resolving the issue. The Issue One of the most important global challenge posing threats to human race in the 21st century is global warming. Anthropogenic activities such as rapid deforestation, uncontrolled burning of fossil fuels and emissions from vehicles have led to a substantial increase in pre-existing levels of green house gases, particularly carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide into the atmosphere. These gases are responsible for entrapment of solar radiation of specific wavelength to keep the earth warm, a phenomenon called green house effect. The tem perature can decline to as low as -18 Celsius in absence of these gases making the environmental conditions unfavorable for all life forms to even exist. However, the huge anthropogenic inputs in these gases since the industrial revolution have escalated green house effect causing rapid warming of the earth. Scientist have predicted that rise in temperatures overtime could result in rise of sea level reducing land cover, and trigger extreme climatic events such as floods, storms and droughts. In addition, a number of species are at the risk of extinction due to intolerable temperature extremes. Researchers studying past climates have revealed that humans have raised such levels of pollution in a single century, which are comparable to natural

Finale Paper Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Finale Paper - Assignment Example Among these three ethical theories, deontology provides the best response because it treats patients as autonomous ends who have the right to make end-of-life decisions, but it avoids the slippery slope of justifying suicide and considers rules that should guide moral end-of-life decisions. Rule utilitarianism argues that people have a right to end-of-life decisions if it offers the greatest net good for the majority. Rule utilitarianism evaluates end-of-life decisions through assessing the kinds of acts involved and the emphasis on the act that results to the greatest good for the greatest number of people (Mosser, 2013, p. 6.1). First, it considers that being able to decide one’s death is good if it saves resources because the health care system is already burdened with high costs due to limited medical and human resources (ForaTv, 2010). Second, rule utilitarianism adds the happiness of the patient to the total net good of the majority if he/she volunteers to end his/her life with respect to insufficient health care resources for the public. His/her happiness becomes part of the total happiness of more people. Rule utilitarianism values the net good and happiness that end-of-life decisions can provide to society. The strengths of rule utilitarianism in answering the question are that it considers the effect of end-of-life options to the good of the majority, which is essential in a society with limited and expensive health care resources, and that it does not treat these options as taboo because they can also contribute to net good and happiness. First, rule utilitarianism gives importance to the reality of limited and costly health care resources. It allows stakeholders to find public benefits in sacrificing human life. Second, it removes negative conceptions that see euthanasia as immoral because, if it can produce

Who benefits from Internet gambling Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Who benefits from Internet gambling - Coursework Example The Internet gambling now facilitates any individual to take part in gambling right from their residences, offices or any other place of their preference at any time as they play in the casinos. Further, Internet gambling offer some new forms of gambling like tournaments, betting exchanges, poker, spread betting, which may not be available in traditional casinos. Thus, now, consumer is deriving benefits from the Internet gambling as it offers to him the convenience of playing gambling. U.K, Malta and Gibraltar are the nations from EU jurisdictions, offer the maximum number of e-gambling companies, which account for the lion’s share of online gambling on the international level as the majority of the players in online gambling are from customers from outside the EU. The Internet gambling offers various advantages to the host nation’s economy adding considerable tax income , employment opportunities and business opportunities to Internet service providers , mobile compani es , software developers , website developers , etc.(Gainsbury 2012: 3). This research study will make an in-depth analysis of the benefits offered by the Internet gambling to various stakeholders of the host nations. As per Goodman (1995), internet gambling offers significant wealth, regenerate local economies and offer more employment opportunities. As of now, online gambling industry is a $35 billion global industry. (Goodman 1995:28). In 2013, Gibraltar enjoyed $ 80 million in tax revenues from online gambling industries, and it created around 2600 jobs for the economy. (Bernews 2014). As per Wall Street Journal, in U.S.A, only Delaware Nevada and New Jersey permit online gambling as of now. Further, it is to be noted that the international online-gambling revenue, pushed by online betting in Europe, in 2012 attained an estimated figure of

Internet Changing Journalisim Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Internet Changing Journalisim - Essay Example Journalism besides covering political and social issues it also covers cultural aspects related to the concerned society like arts and entertainment. In the old times there were only three ways through which news and other information could be published or broadcasted but now in this modern era anyone can produce media if he has an internet connection and a computer or a smartphone. In the olden times journalism was an extremely professional career but now journalism has de-professionalized due to other forms of media and most importantly the internet (Whitman, Bergman, Noverr & Recchia, 1998). With the introduction of internet, journalism has quite changed in all aspects. The internet is a very wide network which comprises of many wide networks. It has become a very interactive form of media. Data through the internet is sent by means of packet switching. No form of media can attract such a large audience at a single time but through internet this is possible. The greatest advantage of internet being the ease of availability, use and cost effectiveness have made it even more common among the people. Anyone having access to the internet can have contact with all of the people of the world. Internet has removed all bounds and limits that were included with the traditional journalism. Internet has now become the center of all mass communication (Pavlik, 2001). There are various kinds of journalism that people are adopting as a profession or being practiced by amateurs. Internet has affected all types of journalism. Examples can include the following. Fashion journalism is one of the kinds of journalism in which the person has to write articles related to fashion and life style. People interested in fashion writing can opt for this profession; such articles can be read in newspapers and magazines and nowadays certain TV channels are there which only cover fashion related issues and trends. The internet has revolutionized the fashion journalism. We can now easily g et access to the latest fashion trends and tips on the net in a jiffy anytime. If we were to watch a show on television we will have to wait until the show is aired on the television but through the internet we can access anything, any information without a time restriction. Tips to life style, health tips and other fashion related issues can easily be accessed through the web. Now almost all fashion magazines and fashion channels have correspondence with their own website. The journalist now has to work more hard and find more interesting and innovative ideas so that people are more attracted towards reading magazines and newspapers (Dreiser, & Nostwich, 1988). News journalism is another type of journalism in which news related to political, social issues, current issues, weather, entertainment news are covered. In the earlier times news could only be accessed by the people through the television and when there were no televisions then it was done through radio, and later on by new spapers as well. But all this required time and spending of large amounts of money. News through the newspapers could not be reached to the people instantly and the people had to wait a whole day long to read the news related to that day because it took time to gather, write and edit news and articles and then print them. For the news on television we had to wait for the time on which the news would be

Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 23

Report - Essay Example From the concerted effort, I made during financial planning and subsequently presenting this report to you, presents Yorkshire Building Society with an opportunity to grow its revenues at a more accelerated pace. Through this financial plan, you have been presented with the numerical logic for decision making. In addition, it serves to show the Yorkshire Building Society’s Board where the need to employ its resources for maximum returns and costs management. Through efficient financial management, Yorkshire Building Society, through its Board, will be able to set aside enough funds for marketing this new venture, expanding its operations to bring about more growth. Through this plan, I specifically addressed the required start-up costs, breakeven analysis, forecasted profit and loss, forecasted cash flow, and projected balance sheet. Additionally, financial ratios were conducted to show the expected performance. Having a good financial plan is a good starting point for answering the critical and fundamental questions on how much it will cost Yorkshire Building Society to get the venture started. The plan by Yorkshire Building Society to start a new business requires that it determines its budgetary needs in a critical manner. Since every business is unique from each other, it has its particular monetary needs at various stages of it development. In estimating the initial capital outlay, I considered the size of our company since there does not exist any universal approach for estimating the start-up costs. Some investment would require considerable investment in equipment and inventory. Additionally, there will be costs involved in the acquisition of the new store in Leeds. Some of the costs that Yorkshire Building Society will incur will be one-off costs as is the case with the new store and the fee for the new venture. Other costs will

Tutorial Linguistic Essay Example for Free

Tutorial Linguistic Essay I. Linguistics analysis Linguistic Pitfalls aims at settling some problems of sentence meaning by identifying what problems there is. Meaning-Incompleteness(éâ€"•ç ¾ ©): lack of reference point (parameter), and the sentence meaning becomes incomplete. Ambiguity(æ ­ §Ã§ ¾ ©): more than one meaning in an expression, and the context cannot show which meaning it refers to. Vagueness(Ã¥  «Ã¦ · ·): some relative terms does not have a clear-cut boundary, and the expression becomes trivial. Reification(Ã¥ ¯ ¦Ã¥Å'â€"): an abstract name is used as concrete name, and it may arouses confusion. Colored Expression(è‘â€"è‰ ²): a situation is described by emotive terms without reason or explanations Idiosyncratic Sense(ç™â€"ç ¾ ©): use an abnormal meaning without explanation or announcement Whether it commits linguistic pitfalls, we have to identify if it offenses the PRINCIPLE and harms out thinking. II. Exercises Identify which pitfalls they commit with justifications. 1. æŸ Ã¨ ­ °Ã¥â€œ ¡Ã¨ ¢ «Ã¦â€° ¹Ã¨ ©â€¢Ã¤ ºâ€¹Ã¤ ºâ€¹Ã¨ ¦ ªÃ¤ ¸ ­Ã¯ ¼Å'æŸ Ã¨ ­ °Ã¥â€œ ¡Ã§â€º ´Ã¨ ª Ã¤ ¸ Ã¨ « ±Ã¯ ¼Å'ä ¸ ¦Ã¤ ¸â€Ã¨ ª ªÃ¯ ¼Å¡Ã£â‚¬Å'ä ¸ ­Ã¥Å"‹ä º ºÃ¨ ¦ ªÃ¤ ¸ ­Ã¦Ëœ ¯Ã§ â€ Ã¦â€°â‚¬Ã§â€¢ ¶Ã§â€ž ¶Ã§Å¡â€žÃ£â‚¬â€šÃ£â‚¬  2. 我çÅ"‹éŸ“劇æÅ"Æ'å“ ­Ã¯ ¼Å'å›  Ã§â€š ºÃ¦Ë†â€˜Ã¥ ¿Æ'è… ¸Ã¥ ¥ ½Ã£â‚¬â€šÃ¤ ½â€ Ã¤ ½  Ã¤ ¸ Ã¤ ¸â‚¬Ã¦ ¨ £Ã¯ ¼Å'ä ½  Ã¦Ëœ ¯Ã¥ ¤ ªÃ¦ ¿ «Ã¦Æ'…〠Ã¥ ¤ ªÃ¦Ëœâ€œÃ¥ â€"Ã¥ ½ ±Ã©Å¸ ¿Ã£â‚¬â€š 3. Ã¥Å" ¨Ã¦ ª ¢Ã¨Ë†â€°Ã¥ ®ËœÃ¨ ³ ªÃ¥â€¢ Ã¤ ¸â€¹Ã¯ ¼Å'å…‹æžâ€"é  â€œÃ¦â€° ¿Ã¨ ª Ã¦â€™ «Ã¦â€˜ ¸Ã¤ »â€"ä º ºÃ¨Æ' ¸Ã©Æ' ¨Ã¥ Å Ã§ § Ã¨â„¢â€¢Ã¤ » ¥Ã¥Ë† ºÃ¦ ¿â‚¬Ã¤ »â€"ä º ºÃ¦â‚¬ §Ã¦ ¬ ²Ã¯ ¼Å'æ˜ ¯Ã¦â‚¬ §Ã©â€"Å"ä ¿â€šÃ¤ ¸â‚¬Ã©Æ' ¨Ã¥Ë†â€ Ã£â‚¬â€šÃ¤ ½â€ Ã§â€¢ ¶Ã¨ ³ ªÃ¥â€¢ Ã¤ »â€"Ã¥ ° Ã¥  £Ã¤ º ¤Ã§Å¡â€žÃ§Å"‹æ ³â€¢Ã¦Ëœ ¤Ã¯ ¼Å'ä »â€"ä ¸â‚¬Ã¥â€  Ã¥ ¼ ·Ã¨ ª ¿Ã¯ ¼Å'Ã¥Å" ¨Ã¥â€¦ ¶Ã¥ ®Å¡Ã§ ¾ ©Ã¤ ¸ ­Ã¯ ¼Å'Ã¥  £Ã¤ º ¤Ã¤ ¸ Ã§ ®â€"æ€ §Ã©â€"Å"ä ¿â€šÃ¤ ¸â‚¬Ã©Æ' ¨Ã¥Ë†â€ Ã£â‚¬â€šÃ¤ »â€"與è Å Ã¦ º «Ã¦â€" ¯Ã¥Å¸ ºÃ¦ ²â€™Ã¦Å "‰æ€ §Ã©â€"Å"ä ¿â€šÃ£â‚¬â€š 4. ä ¸ »Ã¥ ¸ ­Ã¤ ¸ Ã¦ » ¿Ã¨ ¨ËœÃ¨â‚¬â€¦Ã§Å¡â€žÃ¦  Ã¥â€¢ Ã¨ ª ªÃ¯ ¼Å'ã€Å'ä ½  Ã¥â‚¬â€˜Ã¥ ¤ ªÃ¥ « ©Ã¤ ºâ€ Ã£â‚¬â€šÃ¥â€¢ Ã© ¡Å'Ã¥ ¤ ªÃ§ ° ¡Ã¥â€" ®Ã¯ ¼Å'æÅ"‰æ™‚æ› ´Ã¦Ëœ ¯Ã¥ ¤ ©Ã§Å"Ÿã€‚〠 5. æŸ Ã¦ ¥Å Ã¥Å" ¨Ã¤ »â€"çš„æ› ¸Ã£â‚¬Å Ã©â€ Å"陋的ä ¸ ­Ã¥Å"‹ä º ºÃ£â‚¬â€¹Ã¤ ¸ ­Ã¦Å'‡å‡ ºÃ¯ ¼Å'ã€Å'ä ¸ ­Ã¥Å"‹ä º ºÃ¦Ëœ ¯Ã©â€ Å"陋的〠Ã¯ ¼Å'ä ½  Ã¨ ª Ã¥ Å'Ã¥â€"Žï ¼Å¸ 6. é› »Ã¨ ¨Å Ã¥â€¦ ¬Ã¥  ¸Ã¥ » £Ã¥â€˜Å Ã¯ ¼Å¡Ã£â‚¬Å'æâ€" °Ã¨ ¨Ë†Ã¥Å Æ'æ ¯ Ã¥Ë†â€ Ã© ËœÃ¤ ¾ ¿Ã¥ ®Å"ï ¼â€Ã¦ ¯â€ºÃ©Å' ¢Ã£â‚¬â€šÃ£â‚¬  7. æŸ Ã¨ ¶â€¦Ã¥ ¸â€šÃ¥ » £Ã¥â€˜Å Ã¨ ª Ã§â€š ºÃ¯ ¼Å'è ² ¨Ã¥â€œ Ã¦ ¸â€ºÃ¥Æ' ¹Ã¦Ëœ ¯Ã§â€š ºÃ¤ ½  Ã¥â‚¬â€˜Ã¦ ¶Ë†Ã¨ ² »Ã¨â‚¬â€¦Ã¦â€" ¥Ã¦â€" ¥Ã¨ ³ ºÃ©Å' ¢Ã£â‚¬â€š 8. é ¦â„¢Ã¦ ¸ ¯Ã© â€™Ã¥ ¹ ´(80Ã¥ ¾Å')æ˜ ¯Ã¥  ¯Ã¦â‚¬â€¢Ã§Å¡â€žÃ¥â€¹â€¢Ã¤ ºâ€šÃ¥Ë†â€ Ã¥ ­ Ã£â‚¬â€š 9. çÆ' ¹Ã© £ ªÃ¦â€¢â„¢Ã¥ ¸ «Ã¦â€¢â„¢Ã¦Å½Ë†Ã¥ ­ ¸Ã§â€Å¸Ã¥ ¦â€šÃ¤ ½â€¢Ã§â€¦ ®Ã¦Å½â€™Ã© ª ¨Ã¦â„¢â€šÃ¯ ¼Å'æÅ'‡å‡ ºÃ¯ ¼Å¡Ã£â‚¬Å'è ¦ Ã¥Å   Ã¥â€¦ ¥Ã©  ©Ã©â€¡ Ã§Å¡â€žÃ© ¹ ½Ã¥â€™Å'ç ³â€"。〠 10. æ› ¼Ã¨  ¯Ã§â„¢ ¼Ã¨ ¨â‚¬Ã¤ º ºÃ¦Å'‡å‡ ºÃ¯ ¼Å'Ã¥ ¦â€šÃ¦Å¾Å"é ¦â„¢Ã¦ ¸ ¯Ã©â€šâ‚¬Ã¨ «â€¹Ã¦â€º ¼Ã¨  ¯Ã¥Ë† °Ã© ¦â„¢Ã¦ ¸ ¯Ã¤ ½Å"è ³ ½Ã¯ ¼Å'Ã¥ ¿â€¦Ã¥ ®Å¡Ã¦ ´ ¾Ã¥â€¡ ºÃ¤ ¸ »Ã¥Å â€ºÃ§ Æ'å“ ¡Ã£â‚¬ Ã¦Å"ی ¼ ·Ã©â„¢ £Ã¥ ® ¹Ã¦  ±Ã¤ ¾â€ Ã£â‚¬â€š 11. Ã¥ Æ'å… ¬Ã¤ »â€Ã©  ¢Ã¦Ëœ ¯Ã§â€ž ¡Ã§â€ºÅ Ã§Å¡â€žÃ£â‚¬â€š 12. Ã¥ ¦â€šÃ¦Å¾Å"æ„›æÆ'…å  â€¦Ã¥ ®Å¡Ã¯ ¼Å'怎æ ¨ £Ã§Å¡â€žÃ¨ ¡ Ã¦â€œÅ Ã©Æ' ½Ã¤ ¸ Ã¨ ®Å Ã¯ ¼â€ºÃ¥ ¦â€šÃ¦Å¾Å"æ„›æÆ'…ä ¸ Ã¥  â€¦Ã¥ ®Å¡Ã¯ ¼Å'æ ²â€™Ã¦Å"‰è ¡ Ã¦â€œÅ Ã©Æ' ½Ã¦Å"Æ'è ®Å Ã£â‚¬â€š 13. ï ¼â€™Ã¯ ¼ Ã¯ ¼ Ã¯ ¼ Ã¥ ¹ ´Ã¯ ¼Å'ä ¸â‚¬Ã¤ ½ Ã¨  ¯Ã¦â€"‡æ‰€å“ ¡Ã¥ · ¥Ã£â‚¬Å'æÅ'‰éÅ' ¯Ã¦Å½ £Ã£â‚¬ Ã¯ ¼Å'把å ¾Å'å‚™é› »Ã¦ º Ã©â€"Å"掉ï ¼Å'ä » ¤Ã©â€º »Ã¨â€¦ ¦Ã§ ³ »Ã§ µ ±Ã§â„¢ ±Ã§Ëœâ€œÃ¯ ¼Å'Ã¥ ¼â€¢Ã¨â€¡ ´Ã¨â€š ¡Ã§ ¥ ¨Ã¤ º ¤Ã¦Ëœâ€œÃ¥ Å"ä ºâ€ Ã¯ ¼â€™Ã¯ ¼ Ã¥Ë†â€ Ã© ËœÃ£â‚¬â€šÃ¤ ½â€ Ã¨  ¯Ã¤ º ¤Ã¦â€°â‚¬Ã¨ ¡Å'æ” ¿Ã§ ¸ ½Ã¨ £ Ã¥ ¾ Ã¨â‚¬â‚¬Ã¨  ¯Ã¥  â€¦Ã§ ¨ ±Ã©â‚¬â„¢Ã¥  ªÃ¦Ëœ ¯Ã£â‚¬Å'ä º ºÃ¦â€°â€¹Ã¦â€ž Ã¥ ¤â€"〠Ã¯ ¼Å'ä ¸ Ã¦Ëœ ¯Ã£â‚¬Å'ä º ºÃ§â€š ºÃ©Å' ¯

Strengths of Hitler That Allowed Him Into Power Essay Example for Free

Strengths of Hitler That Allowed Him Into Power Essay The weakness of the Weimar Republic played a huge part in Hitler’s rise to power. this essay will explore the weimars weaknesses, including the impact of the first world war, the constitutional weakness of the Republic, the implications of the treaty of versaille and the Munich Putsch. Aswell as other factors that led to Hitler’s success not so related to the Weimer republic. This includes the anger of the German people at Germany’s surrender. This is commonly known as the stab in the back by the politicians who became known as criminals, due to the armistice being signed in November 1918. Reasons for this public feeling were because the Germans thought that they were winning the war. The policians, in reality, had no choice. A significant problem with the Weimar republic was the fact that it was constitutionally weak. The use of the proportional representation system proves this, due to the failure to form a majority government. Parties only needed 2% of votes in order to gain seats. There were also a lot of elections, for example in 1932 there were 5, which is a huge amount in politics. This wasn’t the only problem however, each party was extremely self interested. Article 48 was an issue. It was created as a means of protecting the republic when it was threatened, for example by the Kapp putsch. As time went on however, especially during Hindenburg’s reign, it was misused, with new laws going from 5 being used in 1930, to 44 in 1931 and 60 in 1932, while sittings of the Reichstag declined from 94 in 1930 to 13 in 1932. Even more to Hitler’s success was the Versailles treaty. Winning public approval for the republic was made even more difficult because of this. The terms of the treaty included  £6.6 billion reparation payments, a war guilt clause, great loss of land and colonies and an army of a mere 100,000 with a navy of 10,000 and no aircraft. Besides these brutal terms, the war guilt clause proved to be extremely damaging. It was a constant reminder to the German nation of the ‘stab in the back’ by the ‘criminals’ which did nothing to help Weimar and just helped Hitler as it made people look for more extreme political ideas. It worsened their economic problems during the economic slumps of 1923-1924 with inflation reaching new heights. This worked in Hitlers favour as once again the German public were looking for much more extreme ideas to help their country get out of this mess. This resulted in Hitlers rise to power. Another foolish episode in Weimar’s time were the years from 1924-28. These were the ‘golden years’ for Germany. It is argued that there was political stability and growth, and political violence was left behind. Even Germany’s economy had stabilised, which was an achievement after the 1922/23 inflation problems. But it ended awfully for the republic. In order for Germany to be as stable as it was, the government had taken short term loans from America, and in 1929, with the Wall Street Crash, the loans were called in and Germany was left in a worse state than before, with unemployment reaching 5.6 million. Hitler seized on this mistake by offering jobs to be created if he were in power and for the stabilisation of the economy in Germany. Hitler and the Nazis used the Wall Street Crash in there propaganda and they blamed it on Weimar. From 1928 there were strains economically with investment dropping and unemployment rising. Due to the catastrophe in Germany due to the US calling their loans back in, Bruning was using article 48 increasingly in his attempt to help. Due to the Nazis propaganda this was the reason why right wing support increased for the Nazi party and Hitler. Another factor in Hitler’s rise was the Munich Putsch. He tried to take the government by force. Parts of the SA along with Hitler, and other attendees were stopped and sixteen Nazis were killed. Hitler was arrested, and in prison wrote Mein Kampf. Another part of Hitler’s success is the collapse of the government 1930-33. In 1930 Muller resigned as chancellor due to pressure, with Bruning taking over. His election of 1930 wasn’t good as the Nazis jumped from 12 to 107 seats. It was only through the SPD and Hindenburg’s support that he made it through to May 1932, when Fritz von Papen took over. Papen had no scruples about governing by presidential rule. He then decided on an election in July 1932 which saw the Nazis jump to a staggering 230 seats in the Reichstag. They both had public support for the Nazis. People would expect Hitler to at least play some part in the government after this result, but he was adamant that he would not accept anything but the chancellor position, and Hindenburg was not up for this decision. This shows that the republic was weak as many resignations resulted in Hitler getting closer to his wanted position, which in the end results in him getting it. The final factor that helped Hitler was his personal attributes. He was a great public speaker and could win over many people with his speeches. In a source a man said ‘each one of his words was like an arrow and everyone reached it’s target’. This helps Hitler as he can get his points across well and persuade the audience in an instant. In conclusion Hitler’s sheer determination and will power allowed he to get into the position of chancellor but this couldn’t have been done without the Weimars failures. If the stab in the back myth hadn’t have been announced the public wouldn’t have lost confidence in the republic. The economic strains on Germany also allowed Hitler to open up a gap to pursue. If the strains and the stab in the back wouldn’t have been their then no problems would have arose and their would be no need for change. However with these problems it meant that a gap opened and with Hitlers sheer determination he took full advantage.

Mobile Learning In Higher Education

Mobile Learning In Higher Education This essay provides the research done on various colleges and universities on the usage of mobile application in promoting Mobile Learning or mLearning within the premises of the college. It also gives a brief overview of the fundamental learning advantages and some of the challenges that occurred in adoption of the mLearning over the learning done by the use of mLearning than through traditional face to face instruction or paper based learning and the current trend which is being followed. This essay also tells us about what are the various projects or programs or models going all around the world to promote the mLearning and how many have already implemented mLearning. KEYWORDS Educational Technology, Higher Education, Mobile Applications, Mobile Learning, mLearning. INTRODUCTION The aim of this essay is to investigate the concept of m-learning and the extent to which it is being implemented in higher education and to educate the students and institutes that how technology can be helpful in learning the programmes or getting the knowledge about the subject of their interest anytime anywhere they are located with the help of devices such as Smart Phones and the applications are being used in those Smart Phones. Examples of the mobile apps: Apples iTunesU, BlackBoard Mobile, the Amazon Kindle etc. Ally (2009) stated that Mobile learning is done through the use of wireless mobile technology that allows anyone to access information and learning materials from anywhere and at anytime. As a result, learners have control of when they want to learn and from which location they want to learn. Students and trainers/teachers are empowered to communicate with each other from anywhere at any time to share thoughts or data with each other and at the same time they can access the learning resources from anywhere at any time to plan the lessons which are too delivered to the students. Bereiter and Scardamalia(1994) said that the users can upload contents such as videos, word file or photos through their smart phones directly, into the discussion threads just by logging into the thread which is ongoing or they can create a new thread at any time they want despite of their location. This will enhance the functions provided by 3rd generation mobile phones and help in making the discussion more interactive. Lonsdale et al (2004) Mobile learning is distinguished by rapid and continual changes of context, as the learner moves between locations and encounters localised resources, services, and co-learners. Informal learning covers any learning that takes place beyond the classroom and formal curriculum, including learning for hobbies, curiosity, personal development, community involvement and everyday survival. What is Mobile Learning or mLearning? Osman et al. (2010) cited learning by means of wireless technological devices that can be pocketed and utilized wherever the learners device is able to receive unbroken transmission signals. Sharples et al. (2007) argues that learning supported by mobile devices such as cellular (mobile) phones, portable computers, and personal audio players. It has been suggested by Brasher and Taylor(2004, p33-37) any sort of learning that happens when the learner is not at a fixed, predetermined location, or learning that happens when the learner takes advantage of the learning opportunities offered by mobile technologies. Rajasingham (2011) states that an activity that allows individuals to be more productive when consuming, interacting, or creating information, mediated through a compact digital portable device that the individual carries on a regular basis and has reliable connectivity and fits in a pocket or purse. With the help of Mobile learning participants are not required to sit in the classroom, just similar to distant learning. Because of increase in Mobile Learning, learning has taken a new route that can occur anywhere and at any point of time. Sharples et al (2007) states that Mobile Learning can occur wherever people, individually or collectively, have problems to solve or knowledge to share. Traxler (2007) and some others defined mobile learning as learning that is wireless and is done with the help of digital devices and technologies that are currently in trend, which is generated to help the general public, and it is being used by anyone who is trying to learn something remotely. And some of the others define mobile learning by concentrating only on the mobility of learners and the mobility of learning by the means of mobile devices used by learners such as smart phones. Osman (2010) cited in his article that Traxler (2007) writes: so, mobile learning is not about mobile or about learning as previously understood, but part of a new mobile conception of society. Mobile Learning is not only to provide learning to learners whenever they are mobile but it should overcome the outdated concepts and the assumptions that were made about learning and how what it can change in the society(also from the technological point of view). Osman (2010) notes that some of the definitions and the understandings for mobile education/learning, which put the basic focus on the technologies and hardware, and it doesnt matter that it can be a handheld device such as personal digital assistants (PDAs), and mobile device such as Smartphones or Tablets. He also states that These definitions undermine a proper understanding of the uses of mobile technology in learning by confining their explanations and descriptions to the actual physical way in which the technology operates. According to him some of the definitions puts more focus on what learners experience when they use mobile technologies in education, while others inquire how mobile learning can be used to make a unique contribution to the advancement of education and other forms of e-learning. Ally (2009) writes in his book of Mobile Learning the major benefit of using wireless mobile technology in his book which is to reach people who live in remote locations where there are no schools, teachers, or libraries. With the help of Mobile technology that can be used by anyone despite of their geographical location which will in turn benefit communities in such places as a result students and workers will stay with their families and are not suppose to move for jobs or to go to a different location to learn or to access information. He also said that At the same time, business owners, agriculture workers, and other working sectors can access information to increase productivity and improve the quality of their products by learning about agriculture and there aspects remotely using mobile devices. Finally, because remote access using wireless mobile technology reduces the need for travel, its use can reduce humanitys carbon footprint on earth to help maintain a cleaner environme nt. ECAR (2012) reported that students value anytime, anywhere access to the Internet. In the most recent ECAR study of students and IT, 78% of students considered Wi-Fi extremely valuable to their academic success. While a wireless telecommunications network is obviously preferable because it allows interaction, updates, hyperlinks, and more, it is still not ubiquitous. The ECAR research report Mobile IT in Higher Education, 2011 found that 76% of institutions report good or very good mobile communication signal coverage in the area of our institution. This is a positive trend for on-campus mobile learning; however, off-campus access to networks is important as well. Application Store for Mobile Learning in the Market According to a survey done by ECAR in 2011 it states that App Brain BlackBoard website where Stand-alone mobile learning applications are proliferating at an astonishing rate: As of September 2011, the iTunes App store offered 46,340 apps in the education category, accounting for 9.35% of all apps available; as of October 2011, the total number of education apps for the Android platform (available from the Android Market) was 12,129. Established e-learning systems have evolved to offer mobile components, fostering anytime, anywhere access to coursework. Blackboard Mobile is a mobile interface for the Blackboard learning management system that runs on iPad, iPhone, Android, BlackBerry, and WebOS mobile devices. Description about the use of BlackBoard App in Higher Education Most effective use of this use is to provide the users or learners with the benefit of accessing the information anytime irrespective of their geographical location and enhance the ways to enrich teaching learning. As a result it gives the students the benefits to stay connected to teachers the discussion forum and updated to the information regarding their studies. Everyone will have everything they need right on the mobile devices they wanted just a click away or a touch away from their variety of mobile devices including Android, BlackBerry and IPhone OS. With this application students and teachers can access and upload and download the multiple format document or information. This application also provide user to create thread or discussion forum to share their thoughts on a particular topic or they can seek help online by posting their problem in the discussion thread and get a reply as soon as possible from the ones who are in present in the thread. Benefits of using a BlackBoard application on a mobile device at just  £1.99 a year or  £5.99 for life: Drop Box Integration: it helps to stay updated on the android devices or iOS with the content on the phone and their drop box account so they can upload as well post that information on to the discussion thread. Mobile Tests: students can take online test which are available on the blackboard and can submit the test as well at the same time. Push Notification: students can receive notifications for new announcements, new graded items, a test being posted, and many other course activities Announcements: this place is where instructors will post the news that students need to know. Students can access them instantly anywhere, anytime. Grades: here students can have the access of their marks of their midterms or homework assignments. Discussion: is a communication tool which helps to post a topic and all the participants can post their comments in that discussion forum. Content: can have the access of all the information related to students course they opted for. Roster: this feature provides the access to the roster of the class i.e. class list and can create a group to study. Three basic concepts of Mobile Learning Osman(2010) showed Figure 1 in which he tried to cite the three basic concepts of Mobile Learning. Mobility of Technology: means with advancement of technology nowadays the processors of mobile phones are very fast as compared to the earlier smart phones. At present day we can say that there is a tsunami coming in respect of the technology as new mobile phones are being launched in every two or three week of time. Wi-Fi networks are moving the capability as of a home broadband with 3G and now 4G in market: Wikipedia states 4G networks promise up to 1 GB per second transfer speed for walking or stationary pedestrian usage. Wikipedia says that 4G wireless began rollouts in the United States in late 2010, and by 2015 the United States will have the largest 4G coverage in the world. The processing of mobile devices is increasing along with that of the networks: Phone CPUs, the chips that power mobile computing; have recently reached the 1 GHz speed, comparable to netbooks. Almost every smart phone has sensors for landscape portrait depending upon the comfort of the user for example Nokia N8, iPhones etc. Mobility of Learning/Learner: with the help of this it doesnt depend where the user or learner is located he or she can get the access of the information whenever they want to and from wherever they are located geographically, for example: Distant Learning. The m-learning projects WITHIN HIGHER EDUCATION SECTOR Through out the world many projects and programs are going on in development of the mLearning applications and to promote mLearning within the educational institutes among the students and educators or trainers and help them to communicate remotely to share views and data. Projects going on within US Almost all the colleges and universities are taking Mobile Learning into the account to help learners to get the benefits of Mobile Learning and according to the ECAR research report done on mobile IT, 53% of colleges and universities had mobile-enabled at least one service, application, or website in the previous year. Similarly, a 2011 U.S. survey by the Campus Computing Project showed that 55.3% of public universities, 43.6% of public colleges, and 40.9% of community colleges have activated mobile apps as of fall 2011. Projects going on within UK ECAR (2012) states in their research bulletin that Outside the United States, mobile learning is growing by leaps and bounds. The U.K. MoLeNET program, possibly the worlds largest and most diverse implementation of mobile learning, fueled by more than $25 million in funding by government and academia, involves upwards of 40,000 learners in 104 different projects involving 147 colleges and 37 schools. ECAR (2012) states in their research bulletin that mobile learning project called MyArtSpace provided children on school trips to museums and galleries with mobile phones running apps linking multimedia content with the exhibits they were attending. The students could take photos, record themselves speaking, and enter notes, which the app then relayed to a website that students could share upon returning to their classrooms. Challenges in adopting mobile learning A major challenge for educators and trainers is how to develop learning materials for delivery on mobile devices. The learning materials should be in manageable learning chunks and should make use of multimedia. One approach is to develop the learning materials in the form of learning objects and then link them to form a learning segment. There are many advantages of using learning objects in mobile delivery including: they can be re-used and changed without affecting other learning objects, and they can be stored in an electronic repository for remote access at any time. YouTube (2012) states some of the challenges in a video for adopting Mobile Learning and they are as follow: Flash player which is in every smart phone but adobe said that they will not give it for every mobile device. How many devices users should have with them to access the mobile learning? To upload the data or information onto the mobile devices as the data are of heavy size so they are more and are not as good as for a Tablet(iPads, PDAs) more than a Smartphone. INCREASE IN production of Smart phones and iPads then laptops or desktops The above figure tells the increase in the production as well as the sale of the smart phones and tablets gradually since the year 1995-2010 as compared to that of a notebook or a desktop. CONCLUSION This paper gives a brief overview of some of the challenges and benefits of mLearning within the educational society to improve the outcome for learners and teachers as well. Mobile applications are growing day by day in market to help and support the learners and the teachers which in turn affects the way to communicate and share the information regarding learning perspectives. With the development of the technology the mobile technology is also increasing and it has advanced in such a way that mobile have the same chip size of the normal computer so we can use the same device to produce same outcome but it is more portable now and smaller in size. There are various applications like Blackboard Mobile in the market using which we can study on the portable devices such as smart phones, tablets, iPods etc which are smaller in size and they do the same work as a laptop or desktop wherever and whenever it is required to submit or download a document and can meet the deadlines on time. The use of mobile learning is new in education, it is important for learners and teachers to share what works and what does not work in mobile. This is critical because mobile devices are changing constantly with increasing capabilities and there is not enough time for everyone to conduct research and complete projects to learn about the best practices in mobile learning. This book is one attempt to give educators and trainers the opportunity to learn from the research and mobile learning projects so that they can build from where others have left off rather than start from the beginning. REFRENCES Scardamalia M and Bereiter C (1994). Computer support for knowledge-building communities. The Journal of the Learning Sciences, 3, 265-283. Chan T, Sharples M, Vavoula G and Lonsdale P (2004). Educational metadata for mobile learning. In J Roschelle, T Chan, Y Kinshuk and SJH Yand (eds) Proceedings of the 2nd IEEE International Workshop on Wireless and Mobile Technologies in Education (WMTE). Computer Society Press. At http://csdl2.computer.org/comp/proceedings/wmte/2004/1989/00/19890197.pdf IEEE (2002). IEEE Standard for Learning Object Metadata. IEEE Std 1484.12.1-2002. NewYork:The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. Mohamed Osman M. El-Hussein and Johannes C. Cronje, Defining Mobile Learning in the Higher Education Landscape, Educational Technology Society 13, no. 3, 2010, 12-21, http://www.ifetsinfciliournals/133/3.pdf Mike Sharples, Josie Taylor, and Giasemi Vavoula, A Theory of Learning for the Mobile Age, in Sage Handbook of Elearning Research (London: Sage, 2007), 221-247 Andrew Brasher and Josie Taylor, Development of a Research Plan for Use of Ambient Technology to Test Mobile Learning Theories, in Mobile Learning Anytime Everywhere: A Book of Papers from MLEARN 2004, eds Jill Attewell and Carol Savill-Smith, 2004, 33-37. Watanabe T (2001). Knowledge management architecture of integrated educational support. In Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Computers in Education, Seoul, 12-15 November, 1138-1141. Ally, M. (2009) Mobile Learning Transforming the Delivery of Education and Training 1-2, Sharples, Taylor, and Vavoula, A Theory of Learning for the Mobile Age, 224. Traxler, J. (2007). Defining, Discussing and Evaluating Mobile Learning: The Moving Finger Writes and Having Writ The International Review in Open and Distance Learning, 8, 1-13. Eden Dahlstrom, Tom de Boor, Peter Grunwald, and Martha Vockley, ECAR National Study of Undergraduate Students and Information Technology, 2011 (Research Report) (Boulder, CO: EDUCAUSE Centre for Applied Research, October 2011), available from http://www.educauseedu/ecar This information comes from the website Mobile IT in Higher Education, 2011 Report, Resources for ECAR Subscribers, Data Tables, available from http://www.educauseedu/ECAR/MobiIelTinHiqherEducation20l1R1238470 This information comes from the website Mobile IT in Higher Education, 2011 Report, Resources for ECAR Subscribers, Data Tables, available from http://www.educause.edu/library/resources/future-mobile-learning Gregory Dobbin, with Eden Dahistrom, Pam Arroway, and I1ark C Sheehan, Mobile ITin Higher Education, 2011 (Research Report) (Boulder, CC: EDUCAUSE Centre for Applied Research, December 2011), 15-18. Big Gains in Going Mobile; Slow Movement Towards Cloud Computing, Campus Computing Project, http://wwwcampuscomputincjnetlitem/campus-computincj-2011-biq-qains-qoing-rnobile Mike Sharples, Dan Corlett, Susan Bull, Tony Chan, and Paul Rudman, uThe Student Learning Organiser in Mobile Learning: A Handbook for Educators and Trainers, eds. A. Kukulska-Hulme and J. Traxier (London: Routledge, 2005),139-149. Taylor, J., Sharples, M., and OMalley, C., Vavoula, G., and Waycott, J., (2005) Towards a Task Model for Mobile Learning: A Dialectical Approach, International Journal of Learning Technology, Special Issue: Interactions, objects and outcomes in learning, eds. P. McAndrew and A. Jones Passey D (1999). Anytime, anywhere learning project evaluation. Lancaster: Lancaster University/AAL. Romiszowski, Hows the e-learning baby? Factors leading to success or failure of an educational technology innovation, Educational Technology, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 3-27, 2004. L. Rajasingham, Critical Factors for Successful E-Learning: ACase Study of the Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, E-Learn Centre, Internet Interdisciplinary Institute (IN3), Barcelona, Spain, 2010. L. Rajasingham, Will Mobile Learning Bring a Paradigm Shift in Higher Education? (Education Research International Volume 2011 (2011), Essay ID 528495, 10 pages doi:10.1155/2011/528495 R. Van Eck, Digital game-based learning, Educause Review,pp. 17-30, 2006. R. Shen, M. Wang, and X. Pan, Increasing interactivity in blended classrooms through a cutting-edge mobile learning system, British Journal of Educational Technology, vol. 39, no. 6, pp. 1073-1086, 2008. H. Ryu, Designing situated learning experiences, in Innovative Mobile Learning, H. Ryu and D. Parsons, Eds., pp. 255-272, Information Science, New York, NY, USA, 2009. C. Quinn, mLearning:Mobile, wireless, in-your-pocket learning, 2000,http://www.linezine.com/2.1/features/cqmmwiyp.htm. 4G, Wikipedia, http://enwikipediaorqwiki4g YouTube (2012). The 5 Big Challenges of Mobile Learning YouTube . July 23rd 2012. Available from: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ofBjtGQsfX0 [Accessed 3 November 2012].

Rate of Reaction :: Papers

Rate of Reaction Aim: To watch and keep record of the effects of a change in concentration on the rate of reaction. Word equation: Hydrochloric Acid + sodium thiosulphate ÃÆ'Â   Sulphur dioxide + Sodium Chloride + water 2HCl + Na2S203 ÃÆ'Â   2Na + SO2 + H2O Plan: In this experiment I will be testing the rate of reaction of Hydrochloric acid and Sodium Thiosulphate. The rate of reaction tells us how quickly a reaction happens, so I will increase the concentration of the hydrochloric acid each time I do the experiment, adding ÂÂ ¼ of distilled water to 2 molars of the acid therefore providing us with the concentrations 2, 1.5,1,0.5 and finally 0 to react with the acid. I will do a pretest first to see if the amounts of acid and Sodium Thiosulphate work and to see if there won't be any anomalous results. Equipment: Diagram of equipment: 2x beaker 4x conical flask 2x measuring cylinders Funnel X board Stopwatch Prediction: I predict that each time we increase the concentration of the Hydrochloric acid the amount of time it will take to react will decrease because the stronger the acidity the quicker it will react with the Sodium Thiosulphate as the more concentrated the acid solution the more successful collisions occur. The rate of reaction is how quickly the reaction happens and a reaction happens because of collisions between the reactants. [IMAGE] Concentration: this is the factor I'm going to study I will use the concentrations 0mol, 0.5mol, 1mol, 1.5mol and 2mol. Temperature: This has big effects on the rate of reaction because the hotter the reactants are the faster they react, this is because the molecules of the reactants move around more and faster so collide more often and quicker, as they collide they react, therefore as according to the collision theory the reaction is sped up. Catalysts: catalysts lower the activation energy of a reaction so with

Graduation Speech :: Graduation Speech, Commencement Address

As we sit here this evening, knowing not what lies ahead, but feeling satisfied that we have completed this challenge, we start to wonder. What have we gained from these last 13 years of school? How often have we asked ourselves: Why do we attend school? What do we expect to accomplish? And what do we gain? Questions, whose importance we may not fully understand today, but which have drastically molded our futures. Sure, this path hasn't been the easiest to follow, but we navigated through the complications and tribulations to the point we are at now, and I ask once again, what have we gained? Education has supplied us with a commonality, a basic foundation on which we may establish our ideas. These ideas are the essential elements that dominate our lives. Each is unique and special. But just like it is perplexing to communicate without understanding the other person, it is difficult to express ideas without an education. Today, let us give thanks to all those who have helped us along the way: our parents for their love and support, our teachers for their dedication and encouragement, and to our fellow classmates for their friendship and compassion. In this stage of life we are still discovering ourselves and the world around us. Our experiences are lacking and our world varies tremendously from our parents' and grandparents' generations. We are still struggling for meaning and purpose. As we continue to grow and develop, our understanding will blossom and our convictions will strengthen. Because of our technology, our generation can communicate world-wide. As we continue to strive for greater opportunities and a better life, we must resist being consumed by our own inventions and instead aspire to personally interact with the outside world. The Internet and other modes of communication can only provide a window, a seat in the theater of life. The world is a stage and we are the actors -- the performers that touch the lives of our children -- the innovators of this conventional realm. Technology can only perform the tasks we program into it; accomplishment requires a human being. Striving for knowledge and perfection is admirabl e, but have the courage to maintain your personal identity. Put your emphasis on the qualities that define our individual personalities and contribute to our diversity. So, what have we gained? These last 13 years of school have prepared us for the journey we are about to embark upon.

Chapter 9 of the Great Gatsby Essay

Chapter 9, the last chapter of the novel, is used by Fitzgerald to create a sense of finality for the reader, suggesting ‘the party was over’. This chapter allows him to make his final comment on the unfulfilling nature of the American Dream, and the nature of the people that lived in the ‘Roaring Twenties’. The chapter is made for the obvious purpose of being the conclusion to the story. Rather than leave the ending ambiguous as many authors do, Fitzgerald wraps up the narrative decisively. This sense of finality of the book allows the reader to come to final conclusions and judgements of what they have seen. An open ended book can allow readers to come up with their own endings, but a book with a definitive ending allows readers to see what happened and then decide what it means. Fitzgerald allows the reader to form their own opinions on the events that definitely happened in the story, giving a greater sense of meaning and attachment to the story. Nick narrates the chapter from two years later, looking back at the final days he spent in New York. Throughout the chapter Nick shows his disgust and contempt for the East of the U.S., clearly preferring ‘[his] Middle West’. Fitzgerald does this to make us, as readers, antagonise the East society as the main cause of the tragic events of the novel. He does this by showing Nick, the one involved in most if not all the events of the novel, completely appalled at the actions of people that have made their lives in the East. This is particularly shown when Nick initially refuses to shake Tom Buchanan’s hand. He has correctly deduced that Tom was the one who told Wilson that Gatsby’s car was the one that ran Myrtle over, and out of his ‘provincial squeamishness’ he did not shake hands. He does ultimately shake hands, but only out of pity and as a sign of farewell so that he does not have to see Tom again. We are meant to feel Nick’s relief of not having to see this clear representation of all that was wrong with ‘old money’ and the novel’s portrayal of the East; that it was essentially ‘careless people, [who] smashed up things and creatures and then retreated back into their money or their vast carelessness†¦ and let other people clean up the mess they had made’. At first, Gatsby seems to represent the success story of the American Dream. He creates his own fortune and earns great wealth and material possessions; but, in the end, his dream fails anyway. At the conclusion of the novel, Gatsby does not get what he wishes. ‘his dream must have seemed so close that he could hardly fail to grasp it. He did not know  that it was already behind him,’ Gatsby’s death without the total commitment from Daisy that he always sought after is a tragic display of the reality of the American Dream: that it has been corrupted from the ‘pursuit of happiness’ to the ‘pursuit of wealth’. Fitzgerald uses the distortion of the readers’ perception of the American Dream so that we pity the unfortunate characters of the novel: Gatsby, Jordan, Daisy, Tom; who despite having money, do not seem to have true deep happiness. Overall, Fitzgerald uses the closing chapter of the novel for exactly its intended purpose: to finish the novel. We see the end of the story of Gatsby and the effect he had on people and reflect on what it truly meant.

Nine-Phase Change Model Process Essay

Introduction In undertaking any change project in an organization it is imperative that business executive understand that properly tailored coordinates and strategically sound routes are paramount to the success of the project from its planning phase to its execution phase. Linda Ackerman Anderson and Dean Anderson have formulated the nine-phase change model that when implemented properly is a powerful tool in helping organizations better tailor their change strategic plans to be in line with the organization’s influential areas of change; change needs, employees’ needs, and the desired outcome. The Nine-phase Change Process Model The Andersons’ model of change is called the nine-phase change process model, this change model is general enough to fit any organizational structure and size and specific enough to organize its nine phases into a logistical flow that makes for better adaptation. The phases of the nine-phase model are 1. preparing to lead the change, 2. creating organizational vision commitment and capacity, 3. assessing the situation to determine design requirement, 4. designing the desired state, 5. analyzing the impact, 6. planning and organizing for implementation of the change, 7. implementing the change, 8. celebrating and integrating the new state, and 9. learning correcting the course. It is non-invasive and since it doesn’t confine the change agent to adhering to stringent restrictions, rather, it provides a workable method for organizations to align their mission of where they currently are to their vision of where they want to be and provide guidance on how to attain those vi sions with as little resistance as possible, bettering the chance of success. Personal Change Plan The Andersons’ nine-phase change process model closely resembles my personal model of change. A general explanation of my change model is that it includes an investigation of an organization’s stated and implied vision, mission, and credo and how their business practices measure up to them. A strategic and rhythmic method properly planned to include thorough research  on facets of internal and external environmental changes that may affect the change, an overall risk analysis and contingencies to counter those risks, hierarchical charts of both the project management team and the organization in general; this is an attempt to give everyone a better understanding of where they are in the command chain with the hopes of facilitating orderly communication flow. My plan would also include a work breakdown structure that will include a budget tailored to different departments. The project plan will be properly communicated to all employees in terms understandable to them; employees will be encouraged to give constant feedback and input on the project. Milestones will be clearly stated and celebrated, standard departmental training will be given prior to and during execution of the project plan. Meetings will be held with departmental heads to track progress of the project and everyone will be kept updated. Documentation of processes and procedures followed during the project will be made and kept for future reference. Research Method In conducting further research on the change model I intend to use companies like Wachovia and Peace Health that have implemented or is implementing the change model as testimonies to the effectiveness –or lack thereof- of the change model. I will also seek to explore the criticisms of this model and compare and contrast it with my own. My resources will include websites like Linda Ackerman Anderson’s Being First website, EbscoHost, Lexis Nexis, and the course text book â€Å"Managing Organizational Change.† This resource pool will provide credible information to conduct a thorough research.

Snatch Theft

The Causes of Snatch Theft Cases in Malaysia Most of the people who involve in snatch theft cases are adolescents. They are probably poorly educated from their parents or even have a broken family. Parents play the most important role in character building and personality development of their children. In the age of information technology and globalization, they are always busy working until they forgot their true responsibility of educating and teaching children to be a perfect- educated human being. This is the main cause of moral decadence among teenagers.Children who are lack of love and attention from their parents will want to get their parents’ attention by involving themselves in snatch theft cases. They may also influence by the partner who was involved in the snatch theft cases because they choose the wrong friend. They will join their friends and also involved in snatch theft cases. This crisis was caused due to the lack of moral and religious education, especially for our younger generation. Moral and religious practices are increasingly forgotten by modern society's growing.If people have enough moral and religious knowledge, they will not be involving themselves in snatch theft cases. Deficiency causes a decrease in the religious aspect of a person's immunity to not commit crimes. So, thefts increase as our society has forgotten their religion. People who are involve in gambling and taking drug may also involve in snatch theft cases because they need to snatch other people’s bag and jewelry to get money for gambling and buying drugs. They will do what they can to get the money because they already addictive to the activities.Therefore they will take the risk and involve themselves in snatch theft cases. Moreover, the cause of the snatch theft cases is that victims of crime often walking alone in a quiet place. This will cause snatchers have the space and opportunity to snatch them. Typically, snatch cases did not plan in detail durin g a theft crime. Instead, the victim, the environmental and snatchers behavior itself that causes the snatch theft cases to happen. Factors such as a quiet environment and plenty of space to escape, have given the snatching opportunities to the snatchers to act quickly to snatch victim’s handbags or jewelry.This causes people not be able to hear the screams for help from the victim because the victim is in a quiet area alone. Actually snatch thefts became so rampant due to the attitude of society itself that does not concern about their safety aspects. Still many individuals in our society who loves to bring a lot of money in their wallet or handbag and are being targeted. Similarly, our attitude which fails to take safety precautions when returning from office alone, walking in a dark alley or credulous foreigners will make us be the targets of the snatchers easily.So, aspects of personal safety that are not being led snatching are increasingly becoming a common practice in this country. In fact, snatch thefts were also exacerbated by the global economic situation is in a recession so severe. Many factories and companies in the country had to reduce its employees because of lack of demand for their products drastically. Inability of the retrenched workers to find another job in the near future has led them to the brink of crime especially when thinking about their wife and children who need the money to survive. Therefore, snatch thefts cases rises as many workers do not have jobs.Last, the cause of the increasing snatch theft cases is the failure of the authorities to take effective preventive actions. Lack of closed-circuit cameras in high-risk areas (hotspot) causing the problem continues to worsen. If the government is putting more cameras, the snatchers will certainly think twice before they action. Thus, the lack of closed-circuit cameras have caused the problem persists, especially in the quiet environment and at night time. http://gerbangsejara ham. blogspot. com/2011/11/mengapa-jenayah-ragut-kian-meningkat. html http://5bestari-sivik. blogspot. com/2010/06/faktor-faktor-yang-menyebabkan-kes. html Snatch Theft The Causes of Snatch Theft Cases in Malaysia Most of the people who involve in snatch theft cases are adolescents. They are probably poorly educated from their parents or even have a broken family. Parents play the most important role in character building and personality development of their children. In the age of information technology and globalization, they are always busy working until they forgot their true responsibility of educating and teaching children to be a perfect- educated human being. This is the main cause of moral decadence among teenagers.Children who are lack of love and attention from their parents will want to get their parents’ attention by involving themselves in snatch theft cases. They may also influence by the partner who was involved in the snatch theft cases because they choose the wrong friend. They will join their friends and also involved in snatch theft cases. This crisis was caused due to the lack of moral and religious education, especially for our younger generation. Moral and religious practices are increasingly forgotten by modern society's growing.If people have enough moral and religious knowledge, they will not be involving themselves in snatch theft cases. Deficiency causes a decrease in the religious aspect of a person's immunity to not commit crimes. So, thefts increase as our society has forgotten their religion. People who are involve in gambling and taking drug may also involve in snatch theft cases because they need to snatch other people’s bag and jewelry to get money for gambling and buying drugs. They will do what they can to get the money because they already addictive to the activities.Therefore they will take the risk and involve themselves in snatch theft cases. Moreover, the cause of the snatch theft cases is that victims of crime often walking alone in a quiet place. This will cause snatchers have the space and opportunity to snatch them. Typically, snatch cases did not plan in detail durin g a theft crime. Instead, the victim, the environmental and snatchers behavior itself that causes the snatch theft cases to happen. Factors such as a quiet environment and plenty of space to escape, have given the snatching opportunities to the snatchers to act quickly to snatch victim’s handbags or jewelry.This causes people not be able to hear the screams for help from the victim because the victim is in a quiet area alone. Actually snatch thefts became so rampant due to the attitude of society itself that does not concern about their safety aspects. Still many individuals in our society who loves to bring a lot of money in their wallet or handbag and are being targeted. Similarly, our attitude which fails to take safety precautions when returning from office alone, walking in a dark alley or credulous foreigners will make us be the targets of the snatchers easily.So, aspects of personal safety that are not being led snatching are increasingly becoming a common practice in this country. In fact, snatch thefts were also exacerbated by the global economic situation is in a recession so severe. Many factories and companies in the country had to reduce its employees because of lack of demand for their products drastically. Inability of the retrenched workers to find another job in the near future has led them to the brink of crime especially when thinking about their wife and children who need the money to survive. Therefore, snatch thefts cases rises as many workers do not have jobs.Last, the cause of the increasing snatch theft cases is the failure of the authorities to take effective preventive actions. Lack of closed-circuit cameras in high-risk areas (hotspot) causing the problem continues to worsen. If the government is putting more cameras, the snatchers will certainly think twice before they action. Thus, the lack of closed-circuit cameras have caused the problem persists, especially in the quiet environment and at night time. http://gerbangsejara ham. blogspot. com/2011/11/mengapa-jenayah-ragut-kian-meningkat. html http://5bestari-sivik. blogspot. com/2010/06/faktor-faktor-yang-menyebabkan-kes. html

Phenomenal Woman Essay

I’ve read this poem, â€Å"Phenomenal Woman† years ago but I have never forgotten it ever since—such is the power of Maya Angelou’s words. Whenever I feel sad, or experience anything that blows my self-esteem to smithereens, I think about this poem—it is one of the few that can instantly make me feel uplifted and empowered. It stirs the soul and affirms the human spirit. â€Å"Phenomenal Woman† is all about feeling good about oneself. It sends a positive message to women and is a kind of affirmation of the female identity. Upon reading the poem, there is a shock of recognition, the recognition of the identity that all too often lies defeated under the weight of oppressive tradition. The first line, ‘Pretty women wonder where my secret lies, I am not cute or built to fit a fashion model sizes’ pretty much sums up Angelou’s message—that a woman’s true essence isn’t something that can be judged through outward appearances alone. Angelou uses very simple and unsophisticated wording to convey a deep message: that identity and sexuality are not all about the aspects of a woman that she has no control over (her looks) but also about what she feels, and chooses to feel, and in how she chooses to convey her feelings. One can truly be phenomenal if one believes herself to be. The poem does not only apply to women but transcends gender, race, and social status. Angelou’s message is universal, one that touches on the very basic fabric humanity: A person’s worth is not something that is ought to be dictated by society’s standards. The poem makes me love the body I’m blessed with, asserts my identity, affirms my sexuality, and paves the way to a deeper understanding of myself. A woman need not have Barbie’s vital statistics or a perfect bone structure—it’s good to have these characteristics but a â€Å"real† woman is more. Those traits that men â€Å"can’t touch†Ã¢â‚¬â€a woman’s â€Å"inner mystery†Ã¢â‚¬â€however unfathomable, truly makes us special and unique. â€Å"Phenomenal Woman† is a reminder of our power to control our own outlook. We are not mere slaves to circumstance, but participants in the game of life. And the most important thing is—to love myself unconditionally, because I’m a woman. Phenomenally. Phenomenal woman. That’s me.

A noiseless patient spider

A noiseless patient spider Group A   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the time period between 1860 and 1880, war was commonplace and it hit home for most Americans; Walt Whitman was no exception. His brother being wounded contributed to his extended stay in Washington as a nurse. This socio-cultural turmoil is reflected frequently in Whitman’s poetry. For example, in â€Å"A Noiseless Patient Spider†, Whitman expresses feelings of isolation and loneliness writing, â€Å"à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦on a little promontory it stood isolated, / Mark’d how to explore the vacant vast surroundingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ã¢â‚¬  This excerpt clearly conveys a sense of aloneness and longing for companionship, much like Whitman probably experienced in the time period in which he lived. While the cultural upheavals of pandemonium, pride, and war swallowed most of the Americas, Whitman was caught in his own war, on the inside. Whitman longed for connectivity and wholeness in the world. Whitman’s writing also expressed his inne r desire to reach out to the world and find a connection, evident in line four of â€Å"A Noiseless Patient Spider† which reads, â€Å"It launch’d forth filament, filament, filament, out of itselfà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ . This line is significant to the socio-cultural state of the late-nineteenth century society because the spider, and vicariously Whitman, is attempting to reach out to the world for companionship but receiving no response, which represents the apathy of nineteenth-century people. It was more convenient to just blindly participate in a death-plagued war than to progress socially and spiritually. This is where the conflict between culture and nature begins. Nature is the interaction between Whitman and the universe, which is apparently void at this point. Culture is the cities and the masses of people as in â€Å"Crossing Brooklyn Ferry† which reads in the third line, â€Å"Crowds of men and women attired in the usual costumes, how curious you are to me!† Whitman is looking down at these people, this mass of people, and realizes he has the answers to fix the war society is struggling with; It is peace and harmony in the world through the interconnectivity of the universe. Whitman is stuck, reaching out at the world, and instead he receives the cold shoulder from the stubborn world. This is why it is so generally accepted that he was a â€Å"genius† (10) that was ahead of his time.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Emily Dickinson seemed to be quite an introvert, and quite a loner, yet found such great talent and ease in expressing the feelings and emotions that were prominent in her life. In â€Å"Success is counted sweetest†, Dickinson expresses feelings of jealousy and sadness that accompany being some sort of a loser. The vivid imagery she conveys through the dying soldier â€Å"whose forbidden ear† hears the â€Å"distant strains of triumph† is an awesome expression of the anguish and sorrow that is n ecessary to know the sweetness of victory and success that Emily apparently desires in life. In â€Å"The Soul selects her own Society†, Dickinson’s use of concise speech seems to highlight the abrupt shutting of â€Å"the Door† by the soul. Dickinson personifies the soul as sitting on a throne above Emperors and â€Å"Chariots†. She believes the soul is the true king of the land and it should be worshiped as the divine medium. This poem connects back to â€Å"Success is counted sweetest† because after the soul makes its selection, all others are closed out, and denied the taste of victory and success. In â€Å"After great pain, a formal feeling comes† Dickinson portrays a death as something that slows down time and numbs a person spiritually. â€Å"First-Chill-then Stupor-then the letting go-â€Å"; the poem ends with several dashes depicting this time-altering state of shock that pain and death cause in the heart of those who experience it. Finally, in â€Å"I heard a Fly buzz-when I died†, Dickinson writes, â€Å"à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Signed away / what portion of me be / Assignable-and then it was / There-interposed a Flyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ã¢â‚¬  This excerpt expresses Dickinson’s frustration over the pettiness of people coming to claim their stake in someone’s life and keepsakes when they die, and if death is not unfortunate enough, a fly buzzes in front of the narrator’s eyes so that he/she cannot even experience the moment of death peacefully. This ironic ending to the life of this individual symbolizes Dickinson’s frustration with life in general.

Criminal Justice Research Methodology Term Paper - 2

Criminal Justice Research Methodology - Term Paper Example Potential demerits while using secondary data must also be kept in mind. The fundamental issue calls for the persistent problem of validity. When one re ­searcher gathers data for one specific pur ­pose, it cannot be assured that those data will be suitable for other research work as well. Generally, secondary data are to the lowest degree helpful for assessment studies. This is because valuations are contrived to serve specific questions about specific plans. It is always probable to reanalyze data from valuation studies, but secondary data cannot be used to assess a completely different program (Maxfield, 2008). Secondary researchers (like Maxwell, Garner, and Fagan, 2001) liked to affirm or re-evaluate determinations from the pilot studies. But it is not likely to use those data to an ­swer inquiries about domestic ferocity inter ­ventions other than take into custody or to assess arrest policies in new metropolises where the tries out did not take place. Racial profiling is nothing but police officers using the race or ethnicity of a person to initiate contact. This is the racial profiling in its simplest form. According to Harris (2002) racial profiling is a key disagreement in the relationship between the police and the community in recent years. Thus ethnic identification is consequently, the exercise of police officers to stop drivers only due to their race or ethnicity and not for any genuine law infringement. Whether certain racial or ethnic people are targeted for investigation or for traffic stops? In reality this query had gained national interest during the late 1990s. Racial profiling is now an extremely mooted issue because several cities were alleging and complaining that the police officers were paying closer notice to minority group members when conducting traffic stops or carrying on investigatory stops. The racial profiling debate calls for very intricate matters associated with finding out

Case study of (Starbucks has not paid The UK corporation tax 2012)

Of (Starbucks has not paid The UK corporation tax 2012) - Case Study Example According to this theory, an organisation is part of the society in which it operates (Benoit, 2000). An organisation, therefore, is supposed to adhere to certain, explicit or implicit, norms and values. The voluntary disclosures therefore are seen as biased because they are influenced by the interaction of the firm and that particular society. This theory, therefore, emphasizes that the vehicle for voluntary disclosure and the information disclosed be analyzed in context of the society in which the organisation operates (Benoit, 1995). Closely related to the system oriented theories is the legitimacy theory. This theory states that the organisation derives its legitimacy from the society in which it operates. Therefore, the society has a multitude of implicit and explicit expectations on the organisation which the organisation should not forego. A firm can only be seen as legitimate if its status, condition or operations are in sync with the society’s expectations. The societ y supports legitimate businesses (Islam and Deegan, 2010). One of the ways to legitimize a business is by making voluntary disclosures for the benefit of the society. ... This theory states that when a crisis becomes a threat a reputation-conscious organisation will always respond to save its image, identity or reputation by voluntarily releasing information that directly counters that which is eroding its reputation. This theory proposes a wide variety of measures to be taken including excuses, justification, denial and apologies (Freeman, 1984). The Case Context Starbucks is the second largest restaurant chain globally after McDonalds. It is valued at $40 billion. The company has many units distributed across the globe and the focus of this literature will be the UK unit. In the year ending September 30th 2012 the company’s UK unit recorded a loss in its operations consequently failing to pay the corporate income tax for the third year in a row (Bergin, 2012). The information was first released by Reuters who asserted that even though the company was recording losses, its management was still declaring it as a viable undertaking with lessons to be emulated by other firms and branches. This mixed information to investors and the taxman brewed a crisis with the esteemed customers with the British government accusing Starbucks of tax evasion (Neville, 2012). Data In its 14 years of operations in the UK, Starbucks had never recorded a profit; this is despite making sales of over $4.8 billion (3 billion UK pounds). According to Her Majesty Revenue and Customs authority, Starbucks had failed to declare any profits during its entire period in operation in the UK managing to pay only 8.6 million UK pounds in 14 years. McDonalds, its main rival, managed to pay as corporate income tax of 80 million UK pounds from its 3.6 billion worth of sales in the UK market and the third largest

Human resources system for employee self-self of royal mail Essay

Human resources system for employee self-self of royal mail - Essay Example It offers several services through these subsidiaries, which include parcel delivery system, postal mail services, general logistic system, and general services related to post (Russell, 2005 p45). Royal Mail focuses on delivering letters and packages to all part of the world. Currently, this company has 14,300 post office branches and 113,000 post boxes throughout the UK, which collect packages, letters and parcels from over 87,000 individuals and businesses. These commodities are collected through a diverse collection and transportation network that includes 33,000 bicycles and 30,000 vehicles (Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons Committee: Trade and Industry, 2006 p23). This paper provides strengths and weaknesses (internal analysis) of Royal Mail’s human resource management system for employees, and recommendation that should be adopted to improve its human resource management system and employees’ performances and efficiencies. Strengths The highly skilled and hard working employees, who are regularly motivated by the financial resources and efficient management, form the key strengths of Royal Mail. The company’s employees are offered improved new range of training and assured performance related pays (Plunkett, 2009 p76). Some of the Royal Mail’s employees are regarded as the company’s valuable assets. ... esource management system, and they include: the present contracts were renewed, and new standardized contracts were awarded to the employees; the newly introduced techniques and machinery help the employees achieve a world class standard performance, the newly revised Pension scheme plans were going to be directed to those employees in the Royal Mail pension plan (Russell, 2005 p58); the new plan for early retirement and temporary redundancy were going to be implemented with an immediate effect, and the minimum wages and working hours were also revised. The Royal Mail’s human resource management also puts employees’ safety in the forefront of the priority list. In order to motivate its staff members, this company has improved its working condition, stress relief exercise, self appraisal process, first aid facilities, and changes employees’ job duties over some time. The HRM has also included increments and promotions into the new plan. The Royal Mail has also de veloped a new method of dealing with the Trade Union. The trade union has been given a vital position in the company’s management activities. The union has also been requested to help employees to conform to the Organizational rules and regulations, and achieve sustainable competitive advantage (Chancery House, 2008 p26). An effective system of communication between the HRM and the trade union was also developed. Weaknesses There have been frequent complaints from customers regarding missing parcels and letters in some Royal Mail’s retail outlets. Careful investigation revealed that some of the company’s staff members have been involved in a series of mail theft over the past few years (Brooks, 2003 p118). This has reduced the Royal Mails reputation and prestige before it esteemed customers. This

Impact of Tourism on the Quality of Life on the Citizens of the Essay

Impact of Tourism on the Quality of Life on the Citizens of the Historic Center of Venice, Italy - Essay Example To achieve this primary objective, the first step is to survey and record the present distribution of retail shops and the type of primary goods such as food and other daily commodities sold therein. The number of shops that predominantly sell tourist-oriented goods would be recorded and a â€Å"touristization index† would be formulated to estimate the prevalence of tourist-oriented shops in the region. Another index, viz. â€Å"shopping comfort† would also be formulated to measure the quality of life based on the importance and necessity of products sold in these retail shops, the accessibility of the stores, the number of people of different age groups in each shop’s vicinity, average price of basic goods etc. Once these indices are computed, the shopping landscape of Venice from the time of World War II (1945) to 2005 would be recreated. This will facilitate the study of the evolution of the retail landscape of Venice in 60 years, and will also equip the resea rchers with enough data to help in identifying the trends in its evolution. The research problem that this study wishes to address is whether tourism has influenced the quality of life of people living in Venice, by affecting its retail sector. The study wishes to ascertain whether shops selling basic and daily commodities have been replaced by tourist-oriented shops selling artifacts and souvenirs, thereby affecting the common people’s daily lives. Access to shops selling foodstuff and other necessities, the age of individuals living in the shop’s vicinity and the distances travelled to procure goods for daily needs will thus be assessed by the study. research problem that this study wishes to address is whether tourism has influenced the quality of life of people living in Venice, by affecting its retail sector. The study wishes to ascertain whether shops selling basic and daily commodities have been replaced by tourist-oriented shops selling artifacts and souvenirs, thereby affecting the common people’s daily lives. Access to shops selling foodstuff and other necessities, the age of individuals living in the shop’s vicinity and the distances travelled to procure goods for daily needs will thus be assessed by the study. The study also intends to propose alternatives, and public and private interventions to stop or even reverse the trends, in case they are found to have a negative impact on the people’s quality of life. II. Research Paradigm The proposed research aims at challenging popular claims that increasing tourism in Venice has led to the replacement of shops selling goods of basic necessity with shops selling tourist-related goods such as souvenirs and apparel. Although this has been the common perception of local citizens since the past 30 years, the belief is largely anecdotal and is not backed by quantitative or qualitative evidence. Moreover, no investigation has been done until date on the type of local stores t hat have been running and those that have been shut down since the second World War. Therefore, the belief that tourism has negatively impacted the people’s quality of life by changing the retail scene is based on unconfirmed assumptions. The researchers thus wish to challenge the hypothesis that â€Å"Venice is becoming a harder and more costly place to live in, where souvenir shops have displaced stores providing primary necessities to the aging local population†. It is expected that this hypothesis will either be confirmed or decried after the successful completion of the proposed study. If the hypothesis is confirmed, potential solutions will be proposed. However, if the hypothesis were disproved, it would result in a paradigm shift in the local perception

POL- Basic Criminal Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

POL- Basic Criminal Law - Essay Example Local rules focus on the conduct that the local community expects people to abide by like speed limits in school zones and noise control at certain hours. If there is ever a conflict in federal law with a state or local rule, federal law will generally control. Most crimes require that you complete an affirmative act before you can be punished for the conduct. If you store drugs in the pocket of your jacket, you affirmatively possess a controlled substance. Some crimes, ironically, punish for omissions. For example, if you are aware that your boyfriend is physically abusing your child, you could be charged for failing to report child abuse. The basis of the crime isn’t what you did, but rather what you failed to do. Many people also assume that crimes are the result of an intentional conduct. Like noted above, if you intentionally had drugs, you could be punished for the intent of your conduct. However, crimes can also involve negligent conduct. For example speeding Most people never really intend to speed. They just (for instance) get caught up in their favorite song and never notice that they are speeding. But regardless of the intent, they are still liable for the speeding ticket. Another crime which has been growing in momentum is using a cell phone while driving. Because of the number of children injured, many states and communities have begun enacting laws which prohibit you  from driving in a school zone while using a cell phone. For instance if you injure a child while going through a school zone and using a cell phone, you could be charged for negligently causing injuries to the child. You did not intend to hurt the child, but because of your negligence, you could still be criminally prosecuted and punished. Crimes also vary by jurisdiction; from state to state and town to town. If you are concerned about whether your conduct, or absence of conduct,

It has been said that modern developments such as ABC are sometimes Essay - 1

It has been said that modern developments such as ABC are sometimes implemented because they are fashionable and not because they provide extra information to management. (Discuss the above statement) - Essay Example Job costing is another modern development, where the management gets information concerning the costs for each job order, their specifications and scope. Contract costing is yet another development that provides the management with information concerning heavy expenditure which takes a long period of time (Brimson, J. A. 1991). Historically, most of the companies placed their focus on the creation of value rather than investing in assets and organization. The dramatic development of companies led to the realization of the need to have practical accounting systems. The development of the ABC system has led to a positive change in productivity by espousing the identification of inefficient products, the allocation of more profits on resources, and cost reduction (Gosselin, M. 2005). However, most firms are experiencing problems ascribed to the implementation of ABC and in extreme cases; the implementation of the system fails to work out. For instance, in highly developed countries, some of the companies fail to grow and became stagnant owing to the use of ABC. Most companies that carry out a cost-benefit analysis on the use of ABC discontinue the implementation of the system since it is costly. The management should get constant updates on a company’s cost performance (Grieco, P. L., & Pilachowski, M. 1995). In using ABC system, some of the overhead costs are difficult to separate and the allocation of the cost on a product unit poses difficulties. An example of such an overhead cost is the Chief Executive Officer’s salary; this does not provide the management with appropriate reports on costs (Hansen, D. R., & Mowen, M. M. 2000). The ABC method allocates business costs to its products on a proportionate basis or based on assumptions. This translates into the generation of inaccurate reports on costs by the management. Affording the management accurate information

A critical evaluation of central government urban regeneration Essay - 1

A critical evaluation of central government urban regeneration policies since the 1980s in Docklands, London - Essay Example The shift in the political scenario shall also not be advantageous, the future cabinet is expected to comprising of representatives from suburbs and South East, and therefore these representatives shall not share "same commitment to high levels of regeneration funding, particularly if economic circumstances demand a squeeze on public spending" (Cross, 1993). It is important that realistic approach shall be adopted to ensure optimum utilization of the available opportunities. It is important to initially settle the objectives into list of practical and non-practical items. It is evident that the current government "cannot guarantee to regenerate every town and every city in Britain that has fallen behind". Every location has its strategic and economic significance, and two cities at different locations shall never share similar significance, this is natural phenomenon and has contributed towards mass migration of the dwellers in the past. Britain has to face the truth that the locatio ns, which previously exhibited potential for investment in 19th century, are insignificant in the current economic and strategic setup. The general consensus among the legislatives exists that "port cities had an advantage in an era when exporting manufactured goods by sea was a vital source of prosperity; today the sea is a barrier to their potential for expansion and they are cut off from the main road transport routes" (Cross, 1993).

The Big Five model Essay Example for Free

The Big Five model Essay The Big Five model is an inventory tool which is very helpful in assessing one’s personality by evaluating five dimensions; these attributes are conscientiousness, openness to experience, extraversion, agreeableness and neuroticism. Although these five dimensions alone cannot explain the human personality in its entirety, psychologists have agreed that these dimensions do encompass both heredity and environmental factors. This model has proved to be quite effective in evaluating potential candidates for jobs since the measure of its dimensions can be correlated to performance outcomes of various job roles (Tyler Newcombe, 2006). Conscientiousness is a dimension of the human psyche which emphasizes the need to be disciplined and goal-oriented. Individuals who have a high level of conscientiousness are usually very duty-bound and organized. Openness to experience is a personality trait which influences the extent to which an individual is open towards new and abstract concepts and thoughts. Individuals who are well-endowed with this trait are very creative and outstanding in problem-solving due to the ability to expand their horizons. Extraversion is an inclination to socialize and interact. People who posses a high level of extraversion are out-spoken and tend to easily mingle with new people. Agreeableness is a quality of being accommodative of other people’s actions and opinions. People who posses this quality are cooperative and work extremely well in groups. Neuroticism is a tendency to frequently and suddenly experience negative emotions such as depression, anger, anxiety or fear (University of Wisconsin). Neurotic individuals exhibit unpredictable behavior and mood swings due to the inability to keep their emotions under check. Samantha’s decent score in openness to experience signifies her willingness to experiment with new ideas. Her moderately high score in agreeableness implies that she is quite unbiased, fairly analytical and does not take things personally. Samantha’s excellent score in conscientiousness suggests that she is a very dependable and self-motivated person who is capable of gaining the respect of her associates. Her outstanding scores in extraversion vouch for her dynamic personality and indicate that she is free of inhibitions. She also has low neurotic scores, which implies that she is a calm and composed person. All these are indispensable qualities of a good leader and would certainly make Samantha an excellent manager. Reference: Tyler, G. and Newcombe, P. (2006). Relationship between work performance and personality traits in Hong Kong organizational settings. International Journal of Selection Assessment, 14, 37-50. University of Wisconsin. (n. d. ). A Quick Overview of the Big Five Model of Personality. Retrieved 28 January, 2007 from http://www. uwmc. uwc. edu/psychology/big_five. htm